A revision of the Maechidiini Burmeister, 1855 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) from the Indo-Australian transition zone, and the fi rst record of the tribe west of Wallace’s Line

Features of the Maechidiini (Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) genera Maechidius Macleay, 1819, Epholcis Waterhouse, 1875 and Paramaechidius Frey, 1969 are critically revised and a new synonymy is proposed: Maechidius = Epholcis syn. nov. = Paramaechidius syn. nov. A key to and an annotated checklist of Maechidiini from the Indo-Australian transition zone are presented for the fi rst time. Thirty-fi ve new species are described, namely Maechidius aiyura sp. nov., M. alesbezdeki sp. nov., M. awu sp. nov., M. babyrousa sp. nov., M. bintang sp. nov., M. boessnecki sp. nov., M. brocki sp. nov., M. caperatus sp. nov., M. ciliatus sp. nov., M. crypticus sp. nov., M. dani sp. nov., M. deltouri sp. nov., M. dendrolagus sp. nov., M. hamatus sp. nov., M. kazantsevi sp. nov., M. konjo sp. nov., M. lapsus sp. nov., M. legalovi sp. nov., M. leucopsar sp. nov., M. longipes sp. nov., M. mailu sp. nov., M. maleo sp. nov., M. merdeka sp. nov., M. miklouhomaclayi sp. nov., M. nepenthephilus sp. nov., M. owenstanleyi sp. nov., M. riedeli sp. nov., M. similis sp. nov., M. skalei sp. nov., M. sougb sp. nov., M. suwawa sp. nov., M. trivialis sp. nov., M. ursus sp. nov., M. weigeli sp. nov. and M. yamdena sp. nov. Six new synonyms are proposed: Maechidius Macleay, 1819 = Epholcis Waterhouse, 1875 syn. nov. = Paramaechidius Frey, 1969 syn. nov., Maechidius esau Heller, 1914 = M. setosus Moser, 1920 syn. nov. = M. setosellus Frey, 1969 syn. nov., Maechidius heterosquamosus Heller, 1910 comb. rest. = Paramaechidius clypeatus Frey, 1969 syn. nov. and Maechidius paupianus Heller, 1910 = M. arrowi Frey, 1969 syn. nov. The fi rst records of Maechidiini from the Tanimbar Islands (Yamdena), Sangihe Islands (Sangir) and Lesser Sunda Islands (Bali) are documented, of which the latter two are the northernand westernmost known records of Maechidius and of the tribe Maechidiini. Lectotypes are designated for 23 species. Fifteen new combinations are proposed and the original combination to Maechidius is restored for four species. Ecological data are presented for the fi rst time for selected Papuan and Wallacean species. Type material of Wallacean and Papuan Maechidiini is depicted for the fi rst time. A key to species is given. In total, 78 species of Maechidiini are confi rmed for the Indo-Australian transition zone.

The distribution range of the closely related genera Maechidius, Epholcis and Paramaechidius, as hitherto known, includes most of Australia, Sulawesi and the Moluccas of Wallacea and all of New Guinea with its satellite islands (Lansberge 1886;Britton 1957;Prokofi ev 2018;. As demonstrated in the present paper, the extant distribution of Maechidiini is signifi cantly larger and is extended to include Bali (new record) in the west and Sangir (new record) in the north; the Bali record is currently the only one known for Maechidiini to the west of Wallace's Line. Prior to the present study, Maechidius included 102 species (Fairmaire 1877(Fairmaire , 1883Lansberge 1886;Britton 1957Britton , 1963, and Epholcis and Paramaechidius 9 species each (Britton 1957;Prokofi ev 2018;, four of which are placed as junior synonyms in this paper. The Melolonthinae monograph by Britton (1957) was the fi rst and remains hitherto the most comprehensive work on Australian Maechidiini genera and species.  published the only review of Papuan Maechidiini (Wallacea and several islands surrounding New Guinea were for some reason not included or omitted) prior to the current monograph.  established the new genus Paramaechidius (synonymised with Maechidius in this publication), 6 new Maechidius and 5 new Paramaechidus species descriptions were made (three of which are placed as junior synonyms in this paper), and a key to 27 Maechidius and 8 Paramaechidius was presented (see also introductory section of Results).
As a result, 77 species of Maechidiini are confi rmed for the Indo-Australian transition zone and one more has been found on Bali, outside the study area, but worthy of note as it is an extraordinary record that extends the known distribution of the tribe beyond Wallace's line into another biogeographical region. This total is already greater than the known Australian Maechidiini fauna.

Material and methods
Type material of nearly all previously described Indo-Australian transition zone and some Australian species of Epholcis, Maechidius and Paramaechidius were studied and are depicted here for the fi rst time, with the exception of species recently described by Prokofi ev (2018) and , as well as the one of Lansberge (1886).
For the examination of newly collected material, the beetles were relaxed in water, then their detached abdomens were kept for several hours in 10% KOH at room temperature. The KOH-treated aedeagi and terminal abdominal segments were then placed on slides for photography. A Leica S6D stereoscopic microscope with a 10-80 × magnifi cation range was used for the study of specimens. If not stated otherwise, photographs were taken by the author with Canon EOS 1200D and EOS 77D DSLR cameras and a Canon 100 mm macro lens.
Label text is generally reproduced verbatim, with no additions. Original label text is placed in quotation marks. Labels (if more than one for the same specimen) are separated by double slashes. Each type specimen of a newly described species is provided with a black framed label on red paper stating "HOLOTYPUS" or "PARATYPUS", respectively. Newly designated lectotypes and paralectotypes are provided with a black framed label on red paper "LECTOTYPUS" or "PARALECTOTYPUS", respectively. The authors' supplemental or explanatory comments are placed in square brackets. All taxa are listed alphabetically since no phylogenetic arrangement is yet possible.

Review of features of Epholcis Waterhouse, 1875
Epholcis was hitherto defi ned on the basis of the following features: anterior margin of labroclypeus shallowly emarginate, depth less than length of terminal maxillary palpomere; antenna 9-segmented; pronotal hypomeron not produced forward to create a pocket for reception of antenna; ridge extending from procoxal cavity towards anterior angle of pronotum, if present, is low and evenly sinuous; elytral setae or scales often arranged in longitudinal bands; elytral striae not obvious; protibia with two external teeth not elongated; metatibia with transverse ridge not prominent or not indicated, with two terminal spurs of unequal length; all tarsal claws with pulvilli (Waterhouse 1875;Britton 1957;Weir et al. 2019).
After studying the type of this genus (E. divergens Waterhouse, 1875;Figs 6-11) and similar Australian, Papuan and Wallacean Maechidiini taxa, I came to the conclusion that the characters of Epholcis as stated by the aforementioned authors seem variable, unstable, of little taxonomic value and appear randomly in species of Maechidius sensu lato: labroclypeus shallowly emarginate on anterior margin (i.i.ii), antenna 9-segmented (i.viii.i), hypomeron not forming deep pocket for antenna (ii.iv.ii) (antennal pocket vary from completely absent to moderately developed with pronotal hypomeron moderately produced forwards in species previously assigned to Epholcis), ridge extending from procoxal cavity towards anterior angle of pronotum, if present, is low and evenly curved (ii.iv.iii), vestiture of dorsum without microscopical velvety pubescence (x.ii) with ordinary (often minute) or / and scale-like clavate setae which are arranged in longitudinal bands in some species (x.i), protibia with two distal external teeth (ix.i.ii), metatibia with or without non-prominent transverse ridge (ix.iii.ii), metatibia with terminal spurs unequal in length (ix.iii.iv), tarsal claws with pulvilli in both sexes (ix.iv.iii).
The main features of Maechidius and Epholcis -the projected anterolateral margin of the pronotal hypomeron and the presence or absence of 'deep' antennal pockets -are rather variable among the studied species. Epholcis divergens (here moved to Maechidius), the type of its genus, has in fact shallow antennal pockets present, delimited by a moderately raised hypomeran ridge , but not fl anged to cover the pocket as in 'typical' Maechidius. In other species, like the East Australian E. bilobiceps (Fairmaire, 1877), the anterolateral margin of the hypomeron is completely fused to the prosternum (Fig. 5) and the suture of fusion is not raised or carinate. In other species, like the Papuan Maechidius subcostatus Heller, 1895, the hypomeron is moderately produced and partly covers the antennal pocket (Fig. 282), denticulate medially. Any delimitation of the pronotal hypomeron being / not being produced to form / not form a 'deep' antennal pocket is here considered artifi cial and is only evident in extreme cases, with numerous intermediary forms in-between. The depth of the pocket is a relative character in this case.
It remains unclear, whether the species lacking strongly developed antennal pockets are the fi rst branches on the tree of Maechidius sensu lato, showing the ancestral character state, or if the species without pockets are right in the middle of the tree and the missing hypomeran protrusion is a reduction back to the ancestral state. It is also unclear whether they are one clade or not, and, if so, what is the derived character defi ning this genus.
Besides differences in the structure of the hypomera between Maechidius and Epholcis, other features of importance are the shape and length of male and female tibial terminal spurs and these differences have not been noted by any previous authors. Generally, in Epholcis sensu stricto (e.g., species with a moderately produced anterolateral margin of the hypomeron) the terminal spur of the protibia is straight in both sexes (male protibial spur is somewhat shorter and thicker than in female) or the male protibial terminal spur is absent and the female spur is straight (447)(448)(449)(450), but the difference is not as great as in Maechidius sensu stricto (see Remarks on sexual dimorphism below).   Macleay, 1819, holotype, prosternum and pronotal hypomera, ventral view (BMNH). 17. Same, mesoventrite. Not to scale.

Sexual dimorphism
The taxa of Maechidius are sexually dimorphic. Arrow (1941: 449) was the fi rst to describe sexual dimorphism in Maechidius and noted that differences in external morphology are considerable between the two sexes. He listed several sexually dimorphic features: "greater development of the clypeal lobes of the males", "more slender front tibiae with feebler teeth" [in males], "longer tarsi, especially in the hind legs" [in males], "slightly longer lamellae of the antenna" in male (Britton 1957).
According to my own observations, the best feature for sexing certain Maechidius sensu novo species besides a considerable difference in length of male and female antennal lamellae, is the shape of the inner distal spur of the protibia, which in many Papuan and Wallacean taxa is straight and pointed in females but less slender and distally curved inward in males . However, at least in male M. , the protibial terminal spur is straight and pointed, whereas in M. nanus Arrow, 1942, M. nepenthephilus sp. nov., M. rugicollis Moser, 1920and M. woodlarkianus Heller, 1914 protibial terminal spurs are absent in both sexes. The same is true for the lower terminal spur of the metatibia, which appears curved inward in males but straight in females . In other morphological groups the male terminal spur of the protibia is absent or short and hardly curved distally, but straight and longer in the female or basally curved and afterwards straight in both sexes . In many males of Papuan species (both with the male protibial terminal spur curved or straight) the lower meso-and metatibial terminal spurs are also curved . Metatibial terminal spur(s) can be longer in the female than in the male in certain species . In many species, the male and female pygidium is different as well (e.g., fl at or convex dorsally in male, concave, humped posteromediad or longitudinally impressed in female) . The shape of the labroclypeus is often considerably different between males and females , in most cases males having more stronger protruding anterolateral angles of the labroclypeus and the anterior margin is more deeply emarginate, but opposite cases are known (see descriptions below).

Ecology
Generally, Australian Maechidius are considered silvicolous and connected with diverse forest types (Williams 2002). The Papuan Region species are reported from lowland up to mid-montane rainforests. Many (if not all) Australian taxa are termitophiles and can be found in termite nests (Lawrence & Ślipiński 2013). Adults of the Australian Maechidius cavus Britton, 1957 were observed feeding on palm trunks and trunks of "native trees" in Northern Territory, "causing severe damage at a property" (Northern Territory Government 2011). Australian Maechidius caviceps Blackburn, 1888, M. fi ssiceps Macleay, 1888, M. rugosicollis Macleay, 1873 andM. bilobiceps (Fairmaire, 1877) comb. nov. were reported to assemble under the loose bark of dead or alive termite-invaded Eucalyptus spp. in the forest (Dodd 1921), sometimes in thousands of specimens. The same author reported M. gracilis (Waterhouse, 1875) comb. nov. from fl owers (Dodd 1921, as "Epholcis pacilis" [sic!]). Most Papuan species were sampled at light (e.g., Telnov personal observations) and Australian species are also known to be attracted to lights (Dodd 1921;Britton 1957). As already pointed out by Arrow (1941: 449), and I can confi rm it from my own observations, some of the night-collected specimens have clay adhering on both the dorsum and venter, which points to their burrowing behaviour (hiding during the daytime). In my study, Maechidius lobaticeps Frey, 1969 and M. nepenthephilus sp. nov. were observed (see Descriptions) on fl owers of Nepenthes sp. pitcher plants  and many were found being digested inside pitchers situated below the racemes. Nepenthes are known to be insect-pollinated plants.
In this particular situation, M. lobaticeps were eudominants among all other insects observed both on Nepenthes sp. fl owers and in pitchers in the Lake Sentani area (only two specimens of M. nepenthephilus sp. nov. were collected). It is worth mentioning that the area around Doyo Lama village in the Sentani area is a semi-dry eucalypt forest on very poor soil (woody vegetation consists of bushy Eucalyptus sp. only and a grass layer -mainly of ferns and pitcher plants with scarce bunches of hard grass). According to my knowledge, this is the fi rst evidence of such an interaction between Maechidius and Nepenthes. Dodd (1921) reported copulation of Australian Maechidius bilobiceps comb. nov. during the daytime under loose bark of Eucalyptus spp. This author reported a noteworthy passive defence mechanism of the same M. bilobiceps comb. nov. observed in crevices and under loose bark of eucalypt: "… a sudden movement will cause them to drop suddenly; fi rst one will fall to the ground, then others, until in a few seconds hundreds are raining down and in the course of a couple of minutes not one is left on the treetrunk where just before they were in such numbers" (Dodd 1921: 62).
Surprisingly, the Sulawesi species M. babyrousa sp. nov. and M. deltouri sp. nov. were attracted to yellow pan traps (visiting blossoming plants is not yet recorded for Maechidiini), except for M. lobaticeps and M. nepenthephilus sp. nov. record mentioned above.

Species groups
Based on the studied specimens and new generic synonymy, the following four informal species-groups are herewith established to include most morphologically uniform taxa: Maechidius sturnus group, based on strongly irregularly arranged punctures forming conspicuous fi ngerprint-like pattern on dorsal pronotum and elytra (Figs 297,347).
Maechidius dani group, based on ventrally dentate male protarsomeres 1-2 and humped visible abdominal sternite III. This group includes the Baliem Valley (Papua) species M. dani sp. nov. and M. hamatus sp. nov.

Descriptions
In this chapter redescriptions of previously known species are generally less comprehensive than those of new taxa, intentionally omitting differential diagnoses, ecology and distribution. Species recently (re)described by  are not redescribed again, and for those of Arrow (1941) and  only additional features or corrections are given. For the previously described species measurements are only given when necessary, e.g., where they provide additional data.

New material
PAPUA NEW GUINEA • 1 ♀; "Collection Naturhistorisches Museum Basel // Papua New Guinea Madang Prov. L. Cizek lgt. // Salemben village 145°24'E 4°42 'S 16.XII.2000, 750 m";NHMB. Heller (1910: 22) based his description of M. aenescens on a number of specimens -although not explicitly stated, he gives a range of sizes. The four paralectotypes (SNSD) do not bear a type label. However, the locality label has the same text and handwriting as in the only specimen labelled "aenescens". The lectotype here designated is the only syntype in Heller's original handwriting on a red label, which may indicate (but cannot be stated with confi dence), that this specimen was selected by the original author as the holotype. The lectotype designation is made in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x all 5 of Heller's specimens as members of the type series.
Dorsum and venter brown, forebody with slight green lustre. Head fl attened dorsally, somewhat depressed on either side at anterior angle of labroclypeus, slightly glossy dorsally and ventrally. Female labroclypeus subtruncate anteriorly (Fig. 97), its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views, anterolateral angles large, obtuse angulate and raised up at angle of nearly 90° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus broadly rounded to obtuse angulate in dorsal view. Punctures of frons annular, large and shallow. Intervening spaces with very delicate microreticulation, generally larger than punctures. Pubescence scale-like, elongate, variably long. Some setae very short, much shorter than their corresponding punctures. Each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Female antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin deeply emarginate with anterolateral angles protruding anteriad. Basal margin sinuous to broadly rounded. Lateral margin broadly rounded, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 197). Moderately long curved and appressed scale-like seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view except in basal fourth. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low straight carina, with very long setae on its anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye (Fig. 266). Antennal pocket shallow. Disc with shallow annular punctures, intervening spaces glossy and generally larger than those. Setae similar to those on head, appressed, generally longer. Some setae very short, much shorter than their corresponding punctures. Scutellar shield broadly rounded apically. Elytron glossy, with or without tracks of two vague, almost entirely glabrous longitudinal carinae. Sutural carinae not present. Punctures of elytral disc small, ordinary, intervening spaces in part densely wrinkled, in part glossy (Fig. 286). Setae shorter than those on pronotum, appressed; setae arranged in in part irregular paired longitudinal rows. Most setae extending exactly from one puncture to the next. Female pygidium fl attened dorsally, with very large dense punctures which are shagreened on background (Fig. 451). Intervening spaces of pygidium glossy, much smaller than punctures. Protibia widened distally, in female with three external teeth: two large acute distal and one inconspicuous strongly obtuse basal (Fig. 359). Protibial terminal spur not present (in females only?). Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in females only?).

Etymology
Toponymic. The name derives from the Aiyura Valley, the type locality of this species. Noun in apposition.

Type material
Holotype PAPUA NEW GUINEA • ♂; "Papua New Guinea East.High.Prov., [p] (Fig. 98), its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles of male labroclypeus slightly protruding anteriad, obtuse in dorsal view, bent up at ~90° to axis of frons in lateral view. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Head dorsal punctures circular to ovoid, deep and dense. Inner margin of some punctures with delicate membrane covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Canthus covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Dirty-yellow inconspicuous suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, generally surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Pronotum strongly transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally, its anterior margin sinuous with median part (slightly) and anterolateral margins (stronger) protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum rounded, more strongly constricted towards base than anteriad, crenulate all along (Fig. 198). Inconspicuous suberect scale-like seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum slightly sinuous in lateral view. Areas at antero-and posterolateral angles of pronotum slightly dorsally impressed. Pronotal punctures ovoid, very deep and dense, fi lled with microscopical velvety pubescence (Figs 19,198). Intervening spaces glossy, as large as to smaller than punctures. Pronotal setae inconspicuous, appressed to suberect; each seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Basal and lateral margins of pronotum covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Posterolateral angles densely covered with long scale-like setae. Hypomeron sinuous, very long setose on anterior margin opposite to compound eye, fl ange-like. Antennal pocket deep. Scutellar shield covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, narrowly rounded apically. Elytron glossy dorsally, maximum width across midlength, with obsolete humerus and distinct omoplate. Tracks of three fl at glossy longitudinal carinae on each elytron; sutural stria not indicated. Elytral punctures delicate, ovoid, moderately deep, generally smaller than those on forebody, arranged in irregular longitudinal rows (Fig. 287). Inner margin of each puncture covered with microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 287). Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Setae of elytra inconspicuous, appressed to suberect, rising from anterior margin of corresponding punctures, not surpassing their length. Slightly longer suberect, sparse setae arranged in irregular longitudinal rows along remnants of elytral carinae. Male pygidium dorsally slightly convex and medially longitudinally impressed, with dense shallow ovoid punctures (Fig. 452). Intervening spaces in part microreticulate, generally smaller than punctures. Setae of pygidium inconspicuous, sparse, suberect. Male protibia with two moderately large distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 360). Male protibial terminal spur large, curved. Male lower meso-and metatibial terminal spur curved. Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in males only?). Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 535. Male aedeagus as in Figs 570-572.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in lower montane rainforests.

Distribution
Aiyura Valley, Eastern Highlands Province, East New Guinea.

Differential diagnosis
Among Papuan congeners, M. alesbezdeki sp. nov. is readily distinguishable primarily due to the combination of the following characters: labroclypeus deeply U-shaped emarginate anteriorly with protruding obtuse angulate anterolateral angles and sinuous lateral margins, dense punctured frons, denticulate lateral margin of pronotum (crenulate in most congeners), linear (incision-shaped) punctured elytra and shape of male genitalia.

Etymology
Patronymic. This species is named after the famous Scarabaeidae expert and respected colleague Aleš Bezděk (České Budějovice, Czech Republic).

Description
MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 8.67 mm. Head 1.67 mm long, across eyes 1.86 mm wide. Pronotum 1.70 mm long, maximum width 2.60 mm. Elytral length 5.30 mm, maximum combined width 3.50 mm.
Dorsum black-brown with castaneous labroclypeus, anterior and lateral margins of pronotum, mouthparts and legs. Venter uniformly dark castaneous brown. Head fl attened between eyes, subopaque dorsally and ventrally, with large slightly prominent eyes occupying about half side of head. Male labroclypeus very deeply and rather narrowly U-shaped emarginate (Fig. 99), its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views, anterolateral angles large, obtuse angulate and raised up at angle of nearly 80° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Punctures of frons annular, large and shallow. Intervening spaces microreticulate, generally much smaller than punctures. Pubescence dirty yellowish, sparse, erect to suberect with longest setae near eyes and on underside of labroclypeus. Each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Male antenna 8-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Antennomere 2 transverse. Pronotum fl attened dorsally, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin broadly emarginate, slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (slightly) protruding anteriad. Basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin broadly rounded, constricted towards base in basal third. Along lateral margin with 12-13 acute denticles (two anterior less conspicuous, median ones stronger) (Fig. 199). Long erect seta present between each two denticles. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Punctures on disc ovoid, annular, generally larger and deeper than those on head, becoming fl atter and regularly circular along lateral margins. Intervening spaces generally smaller than punctures, glossy. Setation like on head. Hypomeron nearly straight, separated from prosternum by low carina, with long setae on anterolateral margin. Antennal pocket shallow. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytra cylindrical, maximum width across median third, opaque and fl attened dorsally, with rounded humeri. Obtuse hump on each elytron near apex. No tracks of longitudinal carinae, sutural carinae also not present. Disc and lateral sides of elytra in irregular delicate wrinkles between dense, narrow and rather deep linear incision-shaped punctures (Fig. 288). Inconspicuous suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture; setae variably long. Epipleuron with row of cilia-like erect setae. Male pygidium and abdominal ventrites densely covered with large and shallow annular punctures, each provided with short seta (Fig. 454). Abdominal ventrites with no track of lateral longitudinal ridge. Legs long and slender, femora and tibiae covered with long erect setae arranged in 4-5 lines. Protibiae straight, metatibiae stouter than protibiae and thickened distally. Protibia with track of inconspicuous carina on dorsal surface. Three teeth on external margin of male protibia: two large pointed distal ones and broad obtuse inconspicuous basal one same distance from median as median one from distal (Fig. 361). Male protibial terminal spur straight. Tarsal claws with large pulvilli (in males only?). Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 567. Male aedeagus as in Figs 573-575.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in primary mid-montane rainforests at ~2200 m altitude. Possibly nocturnal.

Description
Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown, labroclypeus castaneous brown. Male labroclypeus broadly emarginate, anterolateral angles obtuse angulate, protruding anteriad (Fig. 100), its lateral margins strongly sinuous in lateral view. Punctures of frons ovoid, deep. Setae inconspicuous, scale-like, narrow and short (not or hardly surpassing length of corresponding punctures), each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded, shallowly emarginate prebasally, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 200). Appressed scale-like clavate seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron sinuous, long setose opposite to compound eye, fl ange-like. Antennal pocket deep. Punctures larger and deeper than those on head. Intervening spaces glossy, narrow, wrinkled. All setae much shorter than corresponding punctures, each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Basal margin laterally with fringe of longer clavate scale-like setae. Lateral margins, antero-and posterolateral angles completely covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Punctures of elytra ovoid, irregular in size, less deep than those on forebody (Fig. 289). Elytral setae generally very short (only few setae are as long as corresponding punctures), each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Most of punctures partly or completely encircled by delicate and extremely short velvety pubescence, composing circular to subcircular patterns around perimeter of punctures. Male pygidium slightly convex dorsally, with dense ovoid deep punctures and suberect scale-like clavate setae not or hardly surpassing length of corresponding punctures (Fig. 455). Male protibia with fl at dorsal carina and two distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 362). Male upper metatibial terminal spur longer than half length of male basal metatarsomere, surpassing distal margin of metatibia in dorsal view. Male aedeagus as in Figs 576-578.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown. Heller, 1914 Figs 23, 101, 201, 290, 363, 456 [p]"; SNSD. Heller (1914: 627) based his description of M. aroae on an unstated number of specimens. The single SNSD specimen labelled "Typus!" is herewith designated as the lectotype in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen that I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.

Sexual dimorphism
Male is unknown.

Differential diagnosis
Undoubtedly very close to Sulawesi congeners, differs primarily in shape of male genitalia (cf. Figs 579-581), comparatively deeper emarginate anterior margin of male labroclypeus and somewhat medially angulate lateral margin of female pronotum (seen in dorsal view). In the shape of the aedeagus, M. awu sp. nov. strongly resembles M. deltouri sp. nov. from North Sulawesi (see description below), but it is readily distinguishable in male pygidium evenly convex (humped posteriorly in M. deltouri sp. nov.), dorsally evenly convex pronotal disc (with circular impression on either side of the midline in M. deltouri sp. nov.) and different shape of parameres (cf. Figs 607-610 for M. deltouri sp. nov.).

Etymology
Named after Awu, the largest volcano in the Sangihe chain, which caused its last powerful eruption in 1966 and developed a 4.5 km wide crater at the summit as a result of this eruption. Noun in apposition. Dorsum uniformly black to black-brown with reddish brown labroclypeus, mouthparts, antennae, legs and all of venter. Lateral margins of pronotum and elytra, pronotal hypomera and venter with dense microscopical velvety pubescence in some specimens. Head transverse, glossy to subopaque dorsally and ventrally, convex between eyes. Compound eye large, occupying about half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 103) rather deeply V-like emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views, anterolateral angles rather strongly protruding, acute in dorsal view, bent up at ~90° to frons in lateral view. Female labroclypeus ( Fig. 104) with vague and very broad emargination, its anterolateral angles broadly rounded and not protruding, nearly straight in both dorsal and lateral views. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus slightly rounded in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Dorsal punctures ovoid, large and very deep; inner margin with delicate membrane. Intervening spaces glossy, glabrous, generally distinctly smaller than punctures. Very long erect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture. Antenna in both sexes 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Antennomere 2 trapezoid, transverse. Pronotum glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin sinuous in male (slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion protruding anteriad), broadly emarginate in female. Basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view broadly rounded in male (Fig. 202), straight and widened towards obtuse postmedian angulation and afterwards constricted towards base in female. Lateral margin delicately crenulate all along, a long erect seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Punctures ovoid, very deep, variably large; inner margin with delicate membrane. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, generally narrower than punctures, nearly wrinkled at lateral margins. Setae curved, as on head. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron emarginate and very long setose on anterior margin, which is fl ange-like protruding. Antennal pocket deep. Median anterior process of prosternum long brushy setose, short, moderately raised. Scutellar shield pointed apically. Elytra slightly widened postmedially, maximum width across midlength, glossy dorsally, with distinct humeri. Vague tracks of two fl at glabrous carinae on each elytron. Punctures of elytral disc ovoid, generally smaller and much shallower than those on forebody, irregular to partly arranged in longitudinal rows; inner margin with delicate membrane covered with microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 292). Setae long, suberect to erect, sparse, arranged in longitudinal rows. Epipleuron all along with short suberect setae. Male pygidium slightly convex, deeply punctate (Fig. 537). Pygidium intervening spaces subopaque, microreticulate and covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, with sparse moderately long suberect setae. Female pygidium fl attened, glossy on intervening spaces. Venter covered with sparse small shallow punctures, each provided with very short seta, in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Legs long and slender. Male protibia straight on external margin, delicately crenulate all along, with complete dorsal fovea (Fig. 457). Two acute, rather large distal teeth on protibia in both sexes, distal longer than predistal. Male protibial terminal spur large, curved, female one shorter and straight. Male metatibial terminal spurs paired, almost equally long, subacute, lower one curved; female ones shorter, nearly straight, obtuse. Tarsal claws with pulvilli in both sexes. Male aedeagus as in Figs 579-581.

Sexual dimorphism
Male with longer lamellae of antennal club, stronger emarginate anterior margin of labroclypeus, dorsally convex pygidium (fl at in female), larger and curved pro-and lower metatibial terminal spurs, and evenly rounded lateral margin on pronotum (in dorsal view).

Distribution
Hitherto only known from Sangir, the largest of the Sangihe Islands. This is hitherto the northernmost record of the Maechidiini.

Differential diagnosis
This species is most similar to M. peregrinus Lansberge, M. deltouri sp. nov., M. legalovi sp. nov. and M. suwawa sp. nov. (all from Sulawesi). This new species readily differs from them and other congeners only in the shape of the male genital organs, labroclypeus, apically unidentate (males) or bidentate (females) protibiae, and the presence of a transverse median hump on the female pygidium. Two vague circular impressions on the pronotal disc are also present in M. deltouri sp. nov.

Etymology
Named after Babyrousa Perry, 1811, a genus of enigmatic Suidae endemic to Sulawesi and the Moluccas. Noun in apposition. Dorsum uniformly black to black-brown (elytra somewhat paler brown than forebody) with castaneous labroclypeus, mouthparts, legs and venter. Head transverse, trapezoid, slightly convex dorsally between eyes, glossy dorsally and ventrally, with large not prominent eyes occupying over half side of head. Male labroclypeus ( Fig. 106) slightly emarginate on anterior margin, with lateral margins smooth, slightly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles not protruding anteriad, strongly obtuse, bent up almost perpendicularly to axis of frons in lateral view. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 107) rather deeply emarginate on anterior margin, with slightly protruding, strongly obtuse anterolateral angles. Punctures circular to hexagonal. Intervening spaces glossy, smaller than up to as large as punctures. Pubescence dirty yellowish, moderately long and suberect, each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Labroclypeus laterally and frontally with more delicate setae. Few longest setae present near eyes. Male antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, bulbous dorsally in distal half, provided with few long erect setae on posterior and distal margins. Antennomere 2 short, slightly transverse. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (slightly) protruding anteriad. Basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum evenly broadly rounded, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 203). Pronotal disc with two vague circular postmedian impressions on either side of disc (this feature not visible in holotype). Lateral margin of pronotum hardly sinuous in lateral view. Punctures of pronotum ovoid to circular, deep and coarse. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, smaller than punctures on disc, becoming larger along lateral margins. Setae shorter than on head, stronger curved. Clavate scale-like seta present between every two crenulae on lateral margin of pronotum. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron smooth, sparsely covered by circular punctures. Hypomeron fl ange-like, with large emargination opposite to eye (to receive canthus separating compound eye) covered with long setae. Antennal pocket deep. Scutellar shield triangular, narrow apically. Elytra cylindrical, maximum width in median third, glossy and slightly convex dorsally, with rounded humeri and slightly elevated omoplates. Indistinct track of one-two fl at longitudinal carinae on each elytron. Sutural carinae not indicated. Rather large obtuse hump on each elytron near apex. Disc and lateral sides of elytra irregularly densely punctured, punctures of irregular size and form (circular to ovoid) (Fig. 293). Intervening spaces glossy, smaller than punctures. Moderately long suberect setae arranged in irregular longitudinal paired rows. Inconspicuous very short setae not surpassing length of corresponding punctures positioned between longitudinal rows of longer setae. Each seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture. Epipleuron with row or two (in broad anterior part) of suberect setae. Male pygidium with shallow annular punctures and glossy intervening spaces (Fig. 458). Female pygidium similarly punctured as in male, with obtuse transverse median hump (Fig. 459). Seta rises from centre of each puncture of pygidium. Abdominal ventrites glossy, covered with large annular punctures, each provided with short seta. Legs slender, femora and tibiae covered with delicate whitish setae. Outer margins of meso-and metatibiae densely denticulate. Male protibia with one (apical) strong tooth on external margin, female protibia with two teeth . Male lower meso-and metatibial terminal spurs strongly curved ( Fig. 439-440), female ones straight (Fig. 438). Distal margin of metatibia in both sexes with projection over basal metatarsomere. Metatibial terminal spurs paired, shorter than basal metatarsomere in male but almost as long as in female. Tarsal claws with pulvilli in both sexes. Male aedeagus as in Figs 582-585. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 538.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is generally larger, with shorter lamellae of antennal club; protibial spur slightly curved distally in male, straight in female; metatibial spurs somewhat longer in female than in male; protibia bidentate in female; female pygidium with modifi cations (see above); female lower meso-and metatibial terminal spurs slender, slightly curved apically.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from North Sulawesi.
Maechidius bintang sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D31E9842-D637-451B-A79A-8E4E188EEF7F 102,204,294,366,460,568,[586][587][588] Differential diagnosis This new species strongly resembles Maechidius pauxillus Heller, 1910 comb. rest. andM. speciosus (Frey, 1969)  Dorsum dark brown to black, elytra with irregular slightly paler markings, especially along carinae. Dorsal colouration covered by numerous paler scale-like setae (see below). Venter uniformly dark brown. Head transverse, subopaque dorsally and ventrally, with large slightly prominent compound eyes occupying over half side of head. Frons with large obtuse hump at inner margin of each eye. Male labroclypeus ( Fig. 102) with broad shallow emargination, its lateral margins sinuous in dorsal, nearly straight in lateral view. Anterolateral angles acute, protruding anteriad and raised up at angle of nearly 90° to frons in lateral view. Anterior margin of labroclypeus smooth and with dense round punctures. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Punctures of frons deep, of irregular oblong shape, small to large. Intervening spaces vary strongly in size, in part glossy and glabrous, in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Except on anterior margin of labroclypeus, suberect dirty yellowish scale-like seta rising from each puncture. Setae smaller and more rounded on anterior and basal parts of head dorsum, becoming elongate clavate and smaller along frons midline (therefore midline looks sparser setose), but becoming very large and strongly clavate, in part suberect, on dorsal humps and along inner margins of eyes (Fig. 102). Anterior margin of labroclypeus with row of long cilia-like setae, lateral margins with elongate-clavate scales. Male antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, strongly clavate-like widened and very densely microreticulate, provided with several long erect setae on posterior margin and with two very long erect setae in distal half of anterior margin. Antennomere 2 short and broad, transverse. Pronotum transverse, subopaque laterally but shiny on disc. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles and mesal portion slightly protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum very broadly rounded. Lateral margins of pronotum almost parallel in anterior half, slightly constricted in basal third, up to constriction all along with weakly defi ned crenulae, constriction area nearly smooth (Fig. 204). Lateral margin of pronotum hardly sinuous in lateral view. Pronotal punctures coarse and deep, variably oblong on disc, becoming smaller and regularly circular but hardly shallower at lateral margins. Setae dirty yellowish, scale-like, generally tiny to very large seta rising from anterior margin of each puncture. Setae longer clavate and erect mesally on anterior margin, arranged in two longitudinal groups facing frons' humps (Figs 26,204). Between these two groups and posterior to them setae minute (not surpassing length of corresponding punctures), but again becoming larger and more elongate just before pronotal constriction (also arranged in two groups and separated medially). Between second group of longer setae and base only minute setae present. Two nearly straight lines of extremely enlarged clavate setae present on sides of pronotum and covering posterolateral angles. These setae becoming much smaller in anterior fourth of pronotum and expanding outwards reaching anterolateral angles. Lateral area between anterior and posterior angles of pronotum very minutely setose. Underside of anterolateral angles also with large elongate-clavate scales. Hypomeron fl angelike, with short and shallow emargination opposite to eye (to receive canthus separating compound eye) provided with some very long and few shorter setae. Antennal pocket deep. Scutellar shield triangular, pointed apically. Elytra rather slender cylindrical, maximum width across median third, opaque and convex dorsally, with prominent rounded humeri. Large hump near apex on each elytron, provided with obtuse glossy glabrous notch at base. Tracks of two longitudinal carinae on each elytron additionally to glabrous glossy and almost complete juxtasutural carina. Punctures deep, of irregular oblong shape, irregular in size (Fig. 294). Intervening spaces subopaque, in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Dorsal setae scale-like. Generally, tiny to very large seta rising from anterior margin of each puncture. Longer setae elongate clavate and sparse, minute setae elongate ovoid, not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Epipleuron densely covered by rather small clavate scales. Male pygidium densely and deeply punctured, except for margins covered with large strongly clavate setae all pointing obliquely to middle (Fig. 460); intervening spaces subopaque. Anterior margin with minor scale-like setae not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Along distal margin with longer and stronger elongate clavate setae. Abdominal ventrites much less coarse punctured than dorsum, laterally with small scale-like clavate setae. Abdominal ventrites with no track of lateral longitudinal ridge. Legs long and slender, femora and tibiae covered with minute scale-like setae. Protibia straight, meso-and metatibia stouter than protibiae and gradually thickened distally, on inner margin each provided with row of ordinary setae. Protibia with track of inconspicuous and interrupted carina on dorsal surface. Two teeth on external margin of male protibia: one pointed distal and other broad obtuse inconspicuous basal short distance from distal one (Fig. 366). Tibial spurs not paired, those of pro-and mesotibiae strongly curved. Tarsal claws strong, strongly curved, provided with large pulvilli (in males only?). Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 568. Male aedeagus as in Figs 586-588.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in primary lowland rainforests at ~250-359 m altitude. Possible diurnal.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from the southern foothills of the Star Mountains, Central Cordillera of New Guinea.

Etymology
Patronymic. This species is named in honour of Ulrich Bößneck (4 Mar. 1960-13 Sep. 2019; Erfurt, Germany), a famous malacologist, respected colleague and my friend. Dorsum black-brown, labroclypeus, antennae, legs and venter brown. Head glossy dorsally, slightly convex on frons. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 105) very shallowly broadly emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins slightly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus obtuse, hardly protruding anteriad. Compound eye large, occupy about half side of head. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Head punctures ovoid, deep and dense, fi lled with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, much smaller than punctures. Head setae suberect, thickened, moderately long, longer on frons than on labroclypeus; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate, basal margin very broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view broadly rounded, maximum width slightly postmedially, crenulate all along (Fig. 205). Moderately long curved suberect seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Pronotal punctures ovoid, deep and dense, fi lled with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, much smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Pronotal setae inconspicuous, suberect; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, surpassing its length. Hypomeron fl anged-like protruding, slightly emarginate and long setose opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket deep. Elytron glabrous, with vague track of one glabrous longitudinal carina. Sutural carina not indicated. Elytral punctures irregularly ovoid, deep and dense, fi lled with microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 295), those on elytral disc arranged in 12 in part irregular longitudinal rows, those along lateral sides confused. Intervening spaces glossy, generally larger than punctures. Setae of elytra inconspicuous, appressed; minute seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing its length (Fig. 295). Several longer suberect setae arranged in 5-6 inconspicuous longitudinal rows. Lateral margin of elytron with row of short suberect setae. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, with moderately large dense annular punctures (Fig. 461). Setae of pygidium rise from anterior margin of corresponding punctures, generally suberect to erect and longer than corresponding punctures. Male protibia with two distal teeth on external margin, of which distal one acute (Fig. 367). Male protibial terminal spur strongly curved. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 461

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Unknown.

Distribution
Northern peninsula of Sulawesi.

Differential diagnosis
This species most closely resembles Maechidius hirtipes Arrow, 1941 (Papuan Peninsula, East New Guinea) and M. subcostatus Heller, 1895 (Finisterre Mountains, East New Guinea), but readily differs from both primarily in the shape of the male genital organs. Additionally, in M. hirtipes the lateral margin of the pronotum is denticulate (tuberculate in M. brocki sp. nov.) and slightly emarginate (strongly emarginate in M. brocki sp. nov.) and the basal metatarsomere has a brush of very long, dense sinuous setae on the inner margin (absent in M. brocki sp. nov.).

Etymology
Patronymic. This species is dedicated to Paul Brock (Brockenhurst, United Kingdom), a famous phasmid expert, experienced macrophotographer, respected colleague and my friend.
Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown with castaneous labroclypeus, mouthparts, and legs. Head transverse, glossy dorsally and ventrally, fl attened between eyes and vaguely impressed on labroclypeus anterior to each compound eye. Compound eye large, occupying over about half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 109) broadly emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views, anterolateral angles protruding, bent up at ~90° to frons in lateral view. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 110) shallower emarginate on anterior margin, with broader rounded anterolateral angles. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus sinuous in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Head dorsal punctures circular to irregularly hexagonal, large and moderately deep. Intervening spaces glossy, much smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Head setae suberect, generally surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Few much longer suberect setae along inner margin of either eye. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Antennomere 2 trapezoid, transverse. Pronotum glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (slightly) protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margin gradually widens towards postmedium, very deeply emarginate prebasally (Fig. 206). Crenulae of lateral margin long and large except for smooth emargination area; suberect seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Pronotal punctures irregularly hexagonal, dense and moderately deep, variably large. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, much smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Appressed seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by moderately high sinuous carina strongly acutely dentate medially, with long setae on anterolateral margin. Antennal pocket moderately deep. Median anterior process of prosternum long brushy setose, short, fl ange-like rised. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytra slightly widened in posterior half, maximum width post midlength, opaque dorsally, with distinct humeri. Vague tracks of 2-3 inconspicuous, very fl at longitudinal carinae on disc of each elytron. Elytral punctures linear (long and narrow), incisionshaped, moderately deep and dense (Fig. 296). Intervening spaces covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, larger than incisions. Setation inconspicuous, suberect; seta rises from anterior margin of each incision, not or hardly surpassing its length. Male pygidium fl at dorsally, with large shallow annular punctures (Fig. 462). Intervening spaces generally smaller than punctures, in part microreticulate. Setae of pygidium inconspicuous, suberect, about length of corresponding punctures. Male protibia slightly arched on external margin, with three obtuse distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 368). Male protibial terminal spur short, thick and pointed apically, female one longer, straight and acute. All tarsal claws with large pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 539. Male aedeagus as in Figs 601-603.

Sexual dimorphism
Female lamellae of antennal club shorter; anterior margin of labroclypeus comparatively less deeply emarginate.

Ecology
Occurs at about 1220 m altitude.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from the Papuan Peninsula of New Guinea.

Etymology
The name of this species is derived from the Latin 'caperatus', meaning 'wrinkled', referring to the irregularly wrinkled pattern of the pronotum and elytra.
Dorsum and venter uniformly black, edges of labroclypeus, legs and antennae dark brown. Head transverse, glossy dorsally and ventrally, inconspicuously convex on frons. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 108) broadly V-shaped emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus almost right-angular, protruding anteriad. Canthus sinuous in dorsal view. Head punctures circular to irregularly ovoid, very deep and dense, variably large. Intervening spaces glossy, much smaller than punctures except on labroclypeus. At least labroclypeus and areas around either compound eye covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Head setae minute, rise from anterior margin of each puncture, in most cases not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Pronotum strongly transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally, sinuous on anterior margin, anterolateral angles and mesal part almost equally slightly protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum slightly sinuous. Irregular shallow dorsal impressions present on pronotum: small circular one on either side around centre of lateral margin, longitudinal one delimiting lateral third of pronotal disc from central part, and single median longitudinal one (Fig. 30). Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view broadly rounded, stronger constricted postmedially towards base than anteriad, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 208). Inconspicuous appressed scale-like seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron slightly emarginate and long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like protruding. Antennal pocket deep. Median anterior process of prosternum extraordinarily long brushy setose, fl ange-like raised. Pronotal punctures irregularly ovoid, very deep, dense, mainly positioned in sinuous rows. Punctures generally smaller and more regularly circular in areas of dorsal impressions. Intervening spaces glossy, in part wrinkled, smaller than punctures. Lateral margins, antero-and posterolateral angles and dorsal impressions covered with delicate microscopical velvety pubescence. Pronotal setae similar to those on head, rarely surpassing midlength of corresponding punctures. Scutellar shield covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, narrowly rounded apically. Elytra cylindrical, subopaque, maximum width in median third. Large obtuse hump on each elytron near apex. Elytral punctures irregularly ovoid, very deep and dense, mainly positioned in sinuous rows in various directions, building conspicuous "dactyloscopic" pattern ( Fig. 297). Intervening spaces glossy, wrinkled, generally smaller than punctures. Elytral setae minute, rise from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing midlength of corresponding puncture. With few longer appressed scalelike clavate setae scattered over elytral disc; punctures bearing those longer setae partly or completely encircled with microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 297). Male abdominal sternites medially with somewhat longer and curved scale-like setae. Male pygidium ( Fig. 463) with deep ovoid, rather small punctures. Intervening spaces glossy, generally larger than punctures, covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Setae of pygidium scale-like, clavate, shorter on anterior, longer on median and posterior parts (surpassing length of corresponding punctures), becoming suberect and longer along distal margin. External margin of male protibia arched, with single acute distal tooth (Fig. 369). Male terminal protibial spur straight, short and pointed. Male lower meso-and metatibial terminal spurs large and strongly curved. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 540 Aedeagus as in Figs 592-594.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in lowland rainforests at about 750 m altitude.

Maechidius ciliatus
This species is primarily peculiar among all congeners with paired longitudinal rows of elytral punctures due to the shape of the male aedeagus.

Etymology
The name of this species is derived from the Latin 'cilium' ('cilia'), referring to its apically ciliate parameres.
Dorsum uniformly black-brown with brown labroclypeus, antennae, legs and venter. Head transverse, subopaque dorsally and ventrally, slightly convex dorsally. Compound eye large, occupying half side of head. Male labroclypeus broadly V-shaped emarginate on anterior margin. Lateral margins of male labroclypeus strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views, anterolateral angles rather strongly protruding anteriad (Fig. 111). Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus obtuse angulate in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Head dorsal punctures circular, moderately deep and dense, fi lled or not with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy to delicately microreticulate, variably large, in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Inconspicuous appressed narrow scale-like seta rises from each puncture, slightly surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Antennomere 2 ovoid, transverse. Pronotum strongly transverse, glossy medially, subopaque on lateral sides. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous, anterolateral angles slightly protruding anteriad. Basal and lateral margins broadly rounded in dorsal view. Crenulae of lateral margin moderately strong; a short suberect curved seta present between every two crenulae (Fig. 209). Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Pronotal punctures ovoid, deep and dense, variably large (generally larger along lateral margins and on base); inner margin of some punctures on lateral sides encircled with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces in part glossy and  glabrous, in part microreticulate, generally smaller than punctures except in some areas. Setae similar to those on head, generally shorter and not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by moderately high straight carina which is moderately long setose opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket moderately deep. Median anterior process of prosternum long brushy setose, short, moderately raised. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytra cylindrical, maximum width across midlength, glossy dorsally, with distinct humeri and vague tracks of two longitudinal carinae (sutural carina not raised). Each elytron between suture and 2 nd (outer) track of longitudinal carina with 4 paired rows of moderately deep ovoid punctures (some rows are partly confused). Lateral sides of elytra confusedly punctate. Microscopical velvety pubescence partly or completely encircles perimeter of some punctures (Fig. 298). Intervening spaces glossy, in part microreticulate, about as large as punctures. Elytral setae minute; seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing its length. Apex of elytron covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Long subhumeral lateral seta not present (due to condition of specimen?). Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large circular annular punctures (Fig. 464). Intervening spaces glossy, variably large, in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Male protibia with two distal teeth (Fig. 370), crenulate on external margin. Male protibial terminal spur large, strongly curved. Male metatibia somewhat fl attened and glabrous on inner margin. Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in male only?). Male aedeagus as in Figs 595-597.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in lowland rainforests.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from the surroundings of Madang in East New Guinea.

Etymology
The name of this species is derived from the Greek "κρυπτός" ('cryptic'), referring to its strong external similarity to several Papuan congeners (see description for the list of these similar species).  . Lateral margins of labroclypeus in both sexes slightly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Antennae 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Dorsal surface in part covered with microscopic velvety pubescence. Head and pronotum with moderately long, suberect elongate scale-like setae; each seta rises from anterior margin of deep irregularly oblong puncture. Lateral margin of pronotum obtuse angulate medially, deeply emarginate postmedially (Fig. 207). Scale-like setae longer and broader on sides and anterior part of pronotal disc than along median part, also with numerous much smaller setae not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Hypomeron fl ange-like produced. Antennal pocket deep. With or without tracks of two longitudinal carinae on each elytron, carinae incomplete, with interruptions. Sutural carinae incomplete and interrupted. Elytral punctures irregular in shape, deep, somewhat irregularly clustered (Fig. 299) and generally smaller than those on pronotum. Setae between puncture clusters longer, scale-like, stronger erect, arranged in several irregular longitudinal rows. Setae in puncture clusters minute, not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Male and female pygidium deeply oblongo-punctate, with more or less dense scale-like elongate setae which point obliquely to middle (in main part) . Intervening spaces of pygidium in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Protibia with inconspicuous longitudinal dorsal carina, in male with single inconspicuous distal tooth, in female with two acute teeth (Fig. 371). Metatibial terminal spurs in both sexes distinctly shorter than length of basal metatarsomere. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 541. Male aedeagus as in Figs 598-600.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is generally larger, with shorter lamellae of antennal club, straight and pointed protibial terminal spur and distally bidentate protibia.

Ecology
Occurs in lower montane rainforests at about 1220 m altitude.

Distribution
Hitherto known from the Herzog Mountains of East New Guinea.

Differential diagnosis
Maechidius hamatus sp. nov. (see description below), the second species of the dani informal speciesgroup, is signifi cantly smaller with the anterior margin of the labroclypeus shallower emarginate, ventral hump of visible abdominal ventrite 3 stronger (Fig. 429), male protibial spur comparatively longer and a different male aedeagus .

Etymology
This species is named after Dani, the main tribe and language of the Baliem Valley. Noun in apposition. Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown with reddish brown labroclypeus, mouthparts, antennae, legs and most of venter. Head transverse, glossy dorsally and ventrally, somewhat convex between eyes and vaguely impressed on labroclypeus anterior to each compound eye. Compound eye large, occupying over half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 114) broadly and moderately deep V-like emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins curved in dorsal and sinuous in lateral view, anterolateral angles moderately protruding, almost right-angled to slightly acute in dorsal view, bent up at ~90° to frons in lateral view. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Dorsal punctures ovoid to circular, small and shallow on labroclypeus, larger and moderately deep on frons. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, variably large. Inconspicuous short appressed seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Few much longer suberect setae along interior surface of either eye. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Antennomere 2 trapezoid, transverse. Pronotum glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (inconspicuously) protruding anteriad. Basal margin slightly sinuous. Lateral margin nearly straight, diverging towards midlength, broadly rounded from here towards posterolateral angles (Fig. 210). Crenulae of lateral margin rather long, short appressed and posteriad directed seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Punctures ovoid, moderately deep, variably large. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, in part wrinkled, variably large but generally nearly equal to punctures. Setation as on head, lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron slightly curved and very long setose on anterior margin which is fl angelike produced. Antennal pocket deep. Median anterior process of prosternum long brushy setose, short, moderately raised. Scutellar shield rounded apically. Elytra slightly widened in posterior half, maximum width across midlength, glossy dorsally, with distinct humeri. Vague tracks of two inconspicuous, very fl at glabrous longitudinal carinae on disc of each elytron. Punctures of elytral disc somewhat denser than those on pronotum, ovoid, becoming arranged in irregular rows in apical third; inner margin with delicate membrane in part or completely covered by microscopical velvety pubescence and partly or completely encircling puncture (Fig. 300). Setae inconspicuous and short, appressed except on elytral apices, generally longer than on forebody (seta as long as corresponding puncture, not or hardly surpassing length of corresponding puncture). Epipleuron all along with short appressed setae. Male pygidium fl at to slightly convex, sparsely oblongo-punctate, subopaque microreticulate on intervening spaces, with sparse minute to moderately long and suberect setae (Fig. 467). Venter covered with sparse small shallow punctures, each provided with very short seta. Third visible abdominal sternite with obtuse ventral median triangular hump on posterior margin . Legs long and slender. Male protibia nearly straight on external margin (slightly curved), crenulate in basal two-thirds, with almost complete obtuse dorsal carina (Fig. 372). Only one obtuse distal tooth on male protibia (Fig. 372). Protibial terminal spur very short, nearly straight, acute. Distal margin of metatibia in both sexes with projection over basal metatarsomere (Fig. 445). Male metatibial terminal spurs paired, long, acute, lower (longer) one slightly curved. Underside of male protarsomeres 1 and 2 each with large acute distal denticle (Fig. 373). Male tarsal claws with large pulvilli. Male aedeagus as in Figs 604-606.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in mid-montane rainforests at about 2050 m altitude.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from the Baliem Valley, Central Cordillera of New Guinea.

Etymology
Patronymic. This species is named after Gaёtan Deltour (Naturevolution, La Rochelle, France) to commemorate his efforts in the conservation of Sulawesi biodiversity. Description MEASUREMENTS (exposed abdominal ventrites not included). Male holotype, total body length 8.45 mm. Head 1.60 mm long, across eyes 1.80 mm wide. Pronotum 1.65 mm long, maximum width 2.80 mm. Elytral length 5.20 mm, maximum combined width 3.80 mm.

Holotype
Dorsum uniformly brown with castaneous labroclypeus, mouthparts, legs and venter. Head transverse, trapezoid, fl attened on frons, convex on vertex, glossy dorsally and ventrally, with large not prominent compound eyes occupying nearly half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 115) broadly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins smooth, slightly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles strongly protruding anteriad, almost right-angled, bent up perpendicularly to axis of frons in lateral view. Head dorsal punctures irregularly circular to hexagonal, larger in median part. Intervening spaces glossy, much smaller than punctures. Pubescence brownish, rather long and erect but sparse; each seta rising from different part of puncture. Labroclypeus laterally and frontally with delicate yellowish setae. Labroclypeus laterally and frontally with delicate yellowish setae, longest of which present near compound eyes. Male antenna 9-segmented. Scape large, widened on upper side in distal half, provided with few long erect setae on posterior and distal margin. Antennomere 2 short and transverse. Club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, glossy. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (slighter) protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum evenly broadly rounded, largely crenulate all along except for delicately crenulate prebasal area (Fig. 211). Disc with two vague circular postmedian impressions on either side. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Punctures irregularly circular to ovoid, deep and coarse; inner margin with delicate membrane in part covered by microscopical velvety pubescence and partly encircling puncture. Intervening spaces much smaller than punctures, glossy, partly wrinkled. Setation as on head, stronger curved; long seta between each two lateral crenulae and all along basal margin. Hypomeron smooth, sparsely punctured with circular punctures, emarginate opposite to eye (to receive canthus separating compound eye) and covered with long setae, with anterior margin which is fl ange-like produced. Antennal pocket deep. Scutellar shield triangular, pointed apically. Elytra cylindrical, maximum width in postbasal ⅔, glossy and slightly convex dorsally, with rounded humeri and elevated omoplates. Indistinct track of one fl at longitudinal carina on each elytron. Sutural carinae not indicated. Rather large obtuse hump on each elytron near apex. Elytral disc and lateral sides of elytra irregularly densely punctured, punctures ovoid; inner margin with delicate membrane in part or completely covered by microscopical velvety pubescence and partly or completely encircles puncture (Fig. 301). Setae inconspicuous and short, appressed (except suberect longer slightly clavate scale-like setae on disc and elytral apices), generally longer than on forebody (seta as long as length of corresponding puncture, not or hardly surpassing length of corresponding puncture). Intervening spaces glossy, vary from smaller than up to 2 × as large as punctures. An inconspicuous suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture. Epipleuron with row or two (in broad anterior part) of suberect setae. Male pygidium with rather fl at mesal hump at apical margin, with shallow annular punctures and partly microscopically velvety pubescent intervening spaces (Fig. 468). Setae of pygidium rather long, suberect. Male abdominal ventrites glossy, covered with large annular punctures, each provided with short seta. Legs long and slender, femora and tibiae covered with delicate whitish setae. Proand metatibiae rather strongly thickened distally. Outer margins of meso-and metatibiae densely denticulate. Two strong teeth on external margin of male protibia (Fig. 374). Male lower meso-and metatibial terminal spur strongly curved. Distal margin of metatibia in both sexes with projection over basal metatarsomere. Male metatibial spurs shorter than basal metatarsomere. Male tarsal claws with pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 542. Male aedeagus as in Figs 607-610.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from North Sulawesi.

Etymology
The species is named after Dendrolagus S. Müller, 1840 (tree-kangaroo), an enigmatic genus of marsupial endemic to New Guinea, adjacent islands and Australian Queensland.

Description
MEASUREMENTS. Male holotype, total body length 8.45 mm. Head 1.70 mm long, across eyes 2.05 mm wide. Pronotum 1.75 mm long, maximum width 2.80 mm. Elytral length 5.00 mm, maximum combined width 3.80 mm. Paratype is 8.00 mm long.
With general features of the pauxillus group. Dorsal surface opaque except on anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus. Frons with paired hump. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 116) deeply U-shaped emarginate on anterior margin. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus acute, strongly protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 90° to frons in lateral view. Lateral margins of labroclypeus sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Head dorsum except on margins of labroclypeus covered with microscopic velvety pubescence. Head punctures irregularly shaped, very deep, moderately dense. Head with moderately long, appressed elongate scale-like setae. Setae becoming distinctly longer, suberect to erect and stronger clavate on humps of frons ( Fig. 116). Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, slightly sinuous on anterior margin with protruding anterolateral angles. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded to slightly sinuous, posterolateral angles almost right-angled. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view gradually widened towards middle, deeply emarginate postmedially, crenulate all along (Fig. 212). Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Two fl at humps on anterior margin opposite to those on frons (Fig. 116). Pronotal punctures ovoid, variably large, very deep, dense. Pronotal dorsum and hypomeron covered with microscopic velvety pubescence. Pronotal setae minute, rising from anterior margin of each puncture, generally not surpassing midlength of corresponding puncture. Few slightly longer scale-like setae scattered over pronotal disc, not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Posterolateral angles of pronotum with long scale-like clavate setae. Setae on pronotal humps also long, erect, scale-like, clavate. Hypomeron fl ange-like produced, slightly emarginate and very long setose opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket deep. Scutellar shield elongate, narrowly rounded apically. Elytron with glabrous elevated broadly interrupted tracks of two (in holotype) or three (in paratype) longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Elytral punctures irregularly shaped, deep and dense (Fig. 302) and generally smaller than those on pronotum. Setae minute, arising from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing midlength of corresponding punctures. Much longer suberect scale-like clavate setae arranged in irregular longitudinal rows across elytra. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, dense and deep punctate (Fig. 469). Intervening spaces covered with microscopical velvety pubescence.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in lowland rainforests at about 750 m altitude.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from Madang Province of East New Guinea. Heller, 1914 Figs 2-3, 36-37, 118-119, 213, 303, 376, 470, 561, 614-616 Maechidius setosellus    Heller (1914: 627) likely based his description of M. esau on a single specimen, although not explicitly stated. The single SNSD specimen labelled "Typus!" is herewith designated as lectotype in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future. Moser (1920: 17) based his description of M. setosus on an unstated number of specimens. The single ZMHB syntype is therefore designated as lectotype. The single SNSD specimen labelled "Typus!" is herewith designated as lectotype in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription and new synonymy on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future. Frey (1969: 500) described M. setosellus from two specimens captured near locality that M. setosus was described from. Dorsum and venter uniformly black or brown. Head fl attened dorsally, glossy to subopaque dorsally and ventrally. Male and female labroclypeus very broadly V-shaped emarginate anteriorly (Figs 36-37), its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles broadly rounded, protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 90° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Underside of labroclypeus with sparse moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Punctures of frons irregularly circular, moderately large to large, rather deep, their backgrounds shagreened. Intervening spaces microreticulate, variably large. Setae long, suberect. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, glossy to subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum slightly gradually widened in anterior half, slightly constricted postmedially, nearly straight at base, crenulate all along (Fig. 213). Extraordinarily long erect seta present between every two crenulae, at least as long as longitudinal diameter of compound eye in fresh specimens. Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Punctures of pronotal disc generally sparser than those on head, circular to annular (in basal third of disc), intervening spaces glossy, generally larger than punctures. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low straight carina, with moderately long setae on anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye (Figs 2-3). Pronotal setation as on head, stronger appressed. Scutellar shield rounded apically. Elytron glossy to subopaque, with vague tracks of longitudinal carinae. Punctures of elytral disc double (Fig. 303). Ordinary punctures of disc shallow and rather dense, irregular in size and shape. Each ordinary puncture supplemented with a shallow linear (narrow and long) incision-shaped puncture. Intervening spaces in part microreticulate, in part glossy, generally larger than ordinary punctures. Elytral setae moderately long, erect to suberect. Some setae longer and stronger erect, arranged in poorly defi ned longitudinal rows. Lateral margin of elytra with extraordinarily long erect setae. Male and female pygidium slightly convex dorsally, with large shallow annular punctures (Fig. 470). Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Setae of pygidium long, erect to suberect; each seta rises from either anterior margin or centre of corresponding puncture. Protibia widened distally, dorsally with delicate longitudinal carina, with two large acute distal external teeth and much smaller basal one (Fig. 376). Male protibial terminal spur not present. Male metatibial terminal spurs long, nearly equally long. Distal margin of metatibia in both sexes with projection over basal metatarsomere. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 561. Aedeagus as in Figs 614-616.

Sexual dimorphism
Female lamellae of antennal club distinctly shorter; female labroclypeus comparatively shallower emarginate anteriorly. Moser, 1920 Figs 38, 117, 214, 304, 377, 471 Moser (1920: 15) based his description of M. fraterculus on an unstated number of specimens. The lectotype is therefore designated for the single syntype in ZMHB in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.
Dorsum and venter uniformly castaneous brown except for paler appendages and antennae. Head fl attened dorsally on frons between eyes, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Female labroclypeus deeply and broadly V-shaped emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views (Fig. 117). Anterolateral angles broadly rounded, moderately protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 80° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Punctures of frons large, of irregular shape (circular to hexagonal), moderately deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy, distinctly smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Setae very inconspicuous, not surpassing length of corresponding punctures; each seta rises from anterior margin of puncture. Few much longer suberect setae present along inner eye margin. Female antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded and crenulate in anterior half, stronger constricted towards base and with 5-6 large denticles in basal third (Fig. 214). An inconspicuous short erect seta present between every two crenulae / denticles. Lateral margin of pronotum in lateral view nearly straight, slightly angulate postmedially. Pronotal disc with vague circular impression on either side of dorsally hardly longitudinally impressed midline. Hypomeron slightly emarginate opposite of compound eye, separated from prosternum by low carina, with long setae on its anterolateral margin. Antennal pocket shallow. Punctures of pronotal disc generally smaller but denser than those on head, circular to hexagonal, inner margin with or without thin membrane. Punctures along lateral margins distinctly oblong. Intervening spaces glossy, much smaller than punctures, in part globose. Setae very inconspicuous, not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytra subopaque, with tracks of four vague longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Punctures of elytral disc sinuous, long and narrow, incision-shaped, dense (Fig. 304). Intervening spaces subopaque, in part densely transverse microstriate. Setae inconspicuous, appressed to suberect; each seta rising from anterior margin of corresponding incision-shaped puncture and not surpassing its length. Female pygidium fl attened dorsally, with shallow transverse impression at posterior margin, densely and shallowly annularly punctate and with sparse short to moderately suberect setae (Fig. 471). Female protibia with three distal teeth, two of which much larger and stronger acute (Fig. 377). Female protibial terminal spur short, slightly curved apically. Female metatibial terminal spurs long, rounded apically, strongly subequal in length. Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in female only?).

Remarks
Frey (1969: 503) described this species from 5 ♂♀ specimens from "Papua Kiunga Fly River" stating that "the holotype and paratype are in Bishop Museum, Honolulu [BPBM]. 2 paratypes are in my museum [NHMB]" (translated from German). There are two specimens from Papua New Guinea in NHMB, but one of them is from E New Guinea (Wau) and not from the Transfl y lowlands as specifi ed in the description. Moreover, there is one additional specimen from the type locality, which is not labelled as paratype. I had no opportunity to study this specimen, which is probably misidentifi ed (occurrence of New Guinea's Southern lowlands species in Wau (which is located at an altitude of over 1000 m a.s.l.) is not impossible but doubtful) or mislabelled (it is not impossible that the paratypic label of this specimen in fact belongs to the second NHMB specimen from the type locality).

Description
Male labroclypeus deeply broadly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views (Figs 41,120). Anterolateral angles subacute, rounded, in male strongly protruding anteriad. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Punctures of frons circular to hexagonal, intervening spaces glossy. Setae suberect, moderately long. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, glossy to subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin sinuous with protruding anterolateral angles and mesal portion. Basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin slightly gradually widened in anterior half, slightly constricted postmedially, crenulate all along. Curved appressed scale-like seta present between every two crenulae. Pronotal disc with deep circular to ovoid, in part annular (especially in basal third) punctures of irregular size. Pronotal punctures becoming larger and stronger ovoid along later margins of pronotum. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low carina. Antennal pocket shallow. Punctures of elytral disc double. Ordinary punctures of disc shallow and rather dense, irregular in size and shape. Each ordinary puncture supplemented with shallow linear (narrow and long) incision-shaped puncture. Intervening spaces in part microreticulate, in part glossy, generally larger than ordinary punctures. Setae moderately long, appressed to suberect. Some setae longer and stronger erect, arranged into longitudinal rows. Male protibia with three distal teeth on external margin, two obtuse and distal one acute.

Sexual dimorphism
Female anterolateral angles of labroclypeus less strongly produced anteriad.

Remark
This species' male genital organs were not studied.
Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown with reddish brown labroclypeus, mouthparts, antennae, legs and most of venter. Head transverse, glossy dorsally and ventrally, somewhat convex between eyes and vague impressed on labroclypeus anterior to each compound eye. Compound eye large, occupying about half head side. Male labroclypeus ( Fig. 121) very shallowly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins curved in dorsal and sinuous in lateral view, anterolateral angles weakly protruding, obtuse and rounded in dorsal view, bent up at ~80-90° to frons in lateral view. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Dorsal punctures circular to ovoid, small and shallow on labroclypeus, larger and moderately deep on frons. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, generally larger than punctures. Inconspicuous very short appressed seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, surpassing or not length of corresponding puncture. Few much longer suberect setae along interior surface of either eye. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Antennomere 2 trapezoid, transverse. Pronotum glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles protruding anteriad and mesal portion nearly straight. Basal margin of pronotum slightly sinuous. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded (Fig. 215). Crenulae of lateral margin poorly defi ned and rather short; short suberect and posteriad directed seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Punctures of pronotal disc ovoid, moderately deep, variably large; inner margin with delicate membrane in part covered by microscopical velvety pubescence and partly to completely encircles puncture. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, variably large but generally as large as to larger than punctures. Setation as on head but setae not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron slightly curved and very long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like protruding. Antennal pocket deep. Median anterior process of prosternum long brushy setose, broad, strongly raised. Scutellar shield rounded apically. Elytra slightly widened in posterior half, maximum width across midlength, glossy dorsally, with distinct humeri. Vague tracks of two inconspicuous, very fl at glabrous longitudinal carinae on disc of each elytron. Punctures of elytral disc ovoid, somewhat denser than those on pronotum, irregular but becoming arranged in irregular rows in apical third (Fig. 305). Inner margin of each puncture with delicate membrane, in some punctures in part covered by microscopical velvety pubescence and partly encircles the puncture. Setation inconspicuous and short, appressed; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, not or hardly surpassing length of puncture. Epipleuron all along with very short appressed setae. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, sparsely circular to oblongo-punctate, opaque microreticulate on intervening spaces, with sparse moderately long suberect clavate setae in distal part and short appressed ones not surpassing length of corresponding punctures in anterior part of pygidium ( Fig. 472). Venter covered with sparse small shallow punctures, each provided with very short seta. Third visible abdominal sternite with small median triangular hump on posterior margin (Figs 431-432). Legs long and slender. Male protibia nearly straight on external margin (slightly curved), delicately crenulate in basal two-thirds, with almost complete obtuse dorsal carina. Two obtuse distal teeth on male protibia, distal more acute than inconspicuous broad basal one (Fig. 378). Protibial terminal spur nearly straight, acute. Male metatibial terminal spurs paired, long, acute, lower (longer) one slightly curved. Underside of male protarsomeres 1 and 2 each with large acute and apically slightly hooked distal denticle (Fig. 379). Male tarsal claws with large pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 544. Male aedeagus as in Figs 617-619.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in mid-montane rainforests at about 2050 m altitude.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from the Baliem Valley, Central Cordillera of New Guinea.    Frey (1969: 506) described this species from two females, but at least the holotype specimen appears to be amale taking into account the curved protibial terminal spur (paratype in NHMB not studied).

Description
Dorsum covered with dense dirty yellow fur-like pubescence. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 122) broadly deeply emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles acute, strongly protruding. Punctures circular to ovoid, deep and dense. Setae very dense, appressed to erect, in part scale-like and broad, in part brush-or fur-like. Anterior margin sinuous with protruding anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (less strong). Basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin broadly rounded and shallowly emarginate prebasally, delicately crenulated all along. Punctures of pronotal disc circular to ovoid, moderately deep, dense. Setae brush-or fur-like, particularly dense along anterior and lateral margins, here completely hiding sculpture of dorsal surface. Hypomeron slightly curved and very long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like protruding. Antennal pocket deep. Elytra with maximum width in postmedian third, with no tracks of longitudinal carinae. Elytral punctures elongate, irregularly shaped, moderately dense. Setae clavate, curved, suberect, of variable length and size. Intervening spaces densely covered by velvety pubescence. Male protibia with almost complete dorsal carina and two rather small distal external teeth and curved protibial terminal spur.

Remarks
The paratype of M. clypeatus from NHMB (Frey 1969: 508) belongs to Maechidius lapsus sp. nov. Heller (1910: 23) likely based his description of M. heterosquamosus comb. rest. on a single specimen, although not explicitly stated. The single SNSD specimen labelled "typus" is herewith designated as lectotype in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription and new synonymy on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.
Dorsum and venter uniformly brown. Head strongly convex dorsally between eyes, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Female labroclypeus (Figs 124-125) broadly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins nearly straight in dorsal, slightly sinuous in lateral view. Anterolateral angles acute, protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 80-90° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Underside of labroclypeus with sparse long setae, upper side with clavate short setae along lateral margins. Canthus straight in dorsal view. Punctures of frons ovoid, very deep and dense, on periphery encircled with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, generally smaller than punctures. Setae moderately long, scale-like, suberect to erect, variably strongly clavate to fusiform. Female antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view, with obtuse median protruding in dorsal view, slightly emarginate anteriorly and somewhat stronger towards base, delicately (indistinctly) crenulate all along (Fig. 216). Clavate erect seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron emarginate and long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like (Fig. 267). Antennal pocket deep. Pronotal punctures deeper than those on head, of variable shape (ovoid to hexagonal). Scale-like clavate seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture. Lateral, basal margins and hypomeron covered with dense microscopical velvety (fur-like) pubescence (Fig. 267). Scutellar shield pointed apically. Elytron opaque, with fi ve raised glabrous partly interrupted longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Punctures of elytral disc irregular, small to rather large, deep, of variable shape (Fig. 306). Intervening spaces hidden under dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Pronotal setae scale-like, short to rather long, strongly to less strong clavate, suberect to erect. Obtuse partially glossy hump near apex. Female pygidium slightly longitudinally impressed dorsally, with dense deep ovoid punctures (except on anterior margin) and long dense erect scale-like clavate (medially) to ordinary (along posterior margin) setae. Elytral setae generally pointing obliquely to middle of pygidium. Midline of female pygidium generally sparser punctured, in part glabrous (Fig. 473). Intervening spaces glossy, covered with fur-like microscopical pubescence except along midline. Venter covered with extremely delicate fur-like microscopical pubescence. Protibia slightly widened distally, dorsally with delicate longitudinal carina, in female with two large distal external teeth of which distal one is stronger and narrower (Fig. 380). Female protibial terminal spur short, nearly straight. Female metatibial terminal spurs strongly unequal, lower one about twice as long as upper. Tarsal claws without pulvilli (in females only?).

Sexual dimorphism
This species' male genitalia were not studied. Arrow, 1941 Figs 44, 123, 217, 268, 307, 381, 436, 474, 545, 620-622 Arrow (1941: 453) based his description on two male specimens. Only one was found at BMNH with Arrow's type label and is herewith designated as lectotype in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case the 2 nd syntype is found and turns out to be a different species from M. hirtipes in this sense.

Description
Male labroclypeus (Fig. 123) broadly deeply emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles broadly rounded, strongly protruding. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Punctures of frons of irregular circular to hexagonal shape, intervening spaces glossy and variably large, in part wrinkled. Background of punctures in part covered with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Setae very inconspicuous, generally not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, glossy to subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with slightly protruding anterolateral angles. Basal margin of pronotum slightly sinuous. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight, indistinctly gradually widened towards postmedium, strongly constricted in basal third, denticulate all along (Fig. 217). An inconspicuous seta present between each two denticles. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by moderately high nearly straight carina which is strongly acutely dentate medially, with long delicate setae on its anterolateral margin (Fig. 268). Antennal pocket shallow. Pronotal disc with dense and deep irregularly shaped (ovoid to hexagonal) punctures variably large; inner margin of each puncture with delicate membrane. Intervening spaces glossy, smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Setae very inconspicuous. Punctures of elytral disc sinuous, long and narrow, incision-shaped, dense (Fig. 307). Intervening spaces wrinkled, glossy to subopaque, generally larger than incision-shaped punctures. Elytral setae inconspicuous, appressed, about as long as corresponding incision-shaped punctures. Some longer suberect setae arranged in 4 longitudinal irregular rows on each elytron. Male pygidium with large shallow annular punctures, intervening spaces much smaller than those (Fig. 474). Setae of pygidium rather long and suberect in distal part, much shorter and inconspicuous on anterior part of pygidium. Male protibia with complete dorsal groove and three distal teeth of distal margin (Fig. 381). Male basal metatarsomere leaf-like, fl at and slightly convex dorsally, with a brush of long dense setae on either lateroventral margin (Fig. 436). Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 545. Aedeagus as in Figs 620-622. Heller, 1914 Figs 45, 127-128, 218, 269, 308, 382, 475-476, 546, 623-625 [p]"; SNSD. Heller (1914: 628) based his description of M. humeralis on a number of specimens, although not explicitly stated, and two different localities are given. The lectotype designated here is one of two syntypes with Heller's original "typus" handwriting on a red label and is the single male syntype. Lectotype designation is made in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the only male specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.
Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown except for brown appendages and labroclypeus. Head fl attened dorsally, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 127) broadly and moderately deeply emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles rounded, moderately strongly protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 80-90° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Female labroclypeus as in Fig. 128. Underside of labroclypeus with sparse moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Punctures of frons irregularly shaped, annular, large and shallow. Intervening spaces subopaque, variably large. Setae inconspicuous, suberect, sparse, generally hardly surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin slightly sinuous. Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in dorsal and lateral view, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 218). Long erect seta present between every two crenulae. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by moderately high emarginate carina, with moderately long setae on its anterolateral margin (Fig. 269) opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket moderately deep. Punctures of pronotal disc large, variably shaped (generally ovoid), double annular, moderately deep; lateral and latero-basal punctures irregularly ovoid, oblong, larger than median ones. Intervening spaces generally smaller than punctures, glossy. Setation slightly longer than on head, appressed to suberect; seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not or hardly surpassing its length. Scutellar shield pointed apically. Elytron subopaque, with very vague tracks of two longitudinal carinae. Sutural carinae not present. Punctures of elytral disc sinuous, long and narrow, incisionshaped, dense (Fig. 308). Intervening spaces wrinkled, opaque while densely transverse microstriate, generally larger than incision-shaped punctures. Intervening spaces delicately microreticulate. Setae inconspicuous, suberect, not surpassing length of punctures. Pygidium in both sexes  fl attened dorsally, with very large and shallow irregularly shaped annular punctures. Intervening spaces microreticulate, distinctly smaller than punctures. Setae of pygidium moderately long, suberect. Protibia widened distally, dorsally with delicate longitudinal carina, in both sexes with three external teeth: acute largest distal, less acute predistal and strongly obtuse small median (Fig. 382). Male and female protibial terminal spur thin and long. Male metatibial terminal spurs long, nearly equally long, female lower metatibia spur distinctly longer than upper. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 546. Aedeagus as in Figs 623-625.

Sexual dimorphism
Lamellae of antennal club longer in male, labroclypeus stronger emarginate in female (in dorsal view) than in male. Heller, 1914 Figs 46, 126, 219, 309, 383, 477 Heller (1914: 624) based his description of M. interruptocarinulatus on a single specimen, mentioning that the holotype was deposited at ZMHB. However, the only type specimen with label data as in the original description was allocated in SNSD and has never been deposited in ZMHB (B. Jaeger, personal communication).
Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown except for brown appendages and labroclypeus. Head slightly convex dorsally on frons between eyes, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 126) broadly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins nearly straight in dorsal, sinuous in lateral view. Anterolateral angles almost right-angled, not protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 80° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Punctures of frons ovoid, deep and dense; inner margin with thin membrane covered with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, generally smaller than punctures. Setae inconspicuous, suberect; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, not or hardly surpassing its length. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly sinuous with protruding anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (slightly), basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 219). An appressed short seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Lateral margin of pronotum slightly sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron emarginate and long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like protruding. Antennal pocket deep. Punctures of pronotal disc generally larger and stronger oblong than those on head, inner margin with thin membrane covered with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, in part wrinkled. Setation scale-like, appressed to suberect, short. Seta generally not surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron glossy, with fi ve poorly defi ned glabrous variously broadly interrupted longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Punctures of elytral disc ovoid, generally smaller than on forebody, deep (Fig. 309). Each puncture encircled with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, in part glabrous, generally smaller than punctures. Setae inconspicuous, similar to those on pronotum, becoming longer and less appressed along longitudinal carinae. Each elytron with long lateral subhumeral seta on lateral margin. Female pygidium fl attened dorsally, with vague median longitudinal impression, covered with dense microscopical fur-like velvety pubescence (Fig. 477). Punctures of pygidium dense, setae long, dense, erect, intervening spaces opaque, microreticulate. Punctures of venter narrowly surrounded by dense fur-like microscopical pubescence. Female protibia with upper longitudinal carina, slightly widened distally, with two distal teeth of which basal one is broader and stronger obtuse (Fig. 383). Female protibial terminal spur straight. Female metatibial terminal spurs rounded apically. Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in female only?).

Sexual dimorphism
Male is unknown. Moser, 1920 Figs 47, 130, 220, 310, 384, 478 Type material  Moser (1920: 18) based his description of M. jobiensis on an unstated number of specimens. The lectotype is therefore designated for the single syntype in ZMHB in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.
Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown, appendages and labroclypeus paler brown. Head fl attened dorsally on frons, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 130) deeply and broadly V-shaped emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles acute, strongly protruding, raised up at angle of about 90° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Punctures of frons circular to ovoid, moderately deep, dense; inner margin with thin membrane covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy to subopaque, variably large. Setae moderately long, erect to suberect. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded, crenulate all along (Fig. 220). Long thick erect seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum slightly sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by moderately low straight carina, with moderately long setae on anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket moderately deep. Punctures of pronotal disc annular, larger and stronger oblong than those on head, horseshoe-shaped; inner margin with thin membrane covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Moderately long suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, generally surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Scutellar shield broadly triangular, pointed apically. Elytron subopaque, without tracks of longitudinal carinae. Punctures of elytral disc linear (long and narrow), incision-shaped, rather deep ( Fig. 310). Intervening spaces much larger than punctures, microscopically wrinkled, subopaque. Elytral setae inconspicuous, suberect, generally surpassing length of incision. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large and shallow double annular punctures (Fig. 478). Intervening spaces glossy, much smaller than punctures. Setae of pygidium moderately long, suberect to erect. Male protibia with complete dorsal longitudinal furrow, with two distal teeth of which basal one is broader and stronger obtuse (Fig. 384). Male protibial terminal spur not present. Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in male only?).

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Etymology
Patronymic. This species is named after Sergey Kazantsev (Moscow, Russia), a famous specialist of Lycidae and my good friend. Dorsum uniformly dark brown with paler brown legs. Head transverse, glossy dorsally and ventrally, dorsally convex between eyes and impressed at each anterolateral angle of labroclypeus. Compound eye large, occupying about half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 129) deeply and broadly emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles of male labroclypeus strongly protruding, acute in dorsal view, bent up at ~90-100° to axis of frons in lateral view. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Head dorsal punctures circular to ovoid, very deep and dense. Inner margin of most punctures with delicate membrane covered with microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 129). Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Canthus, part of lateral margin of labroclypeus and narrow area around inner margin of each compound eye covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Dirty-yellow suberect to erect moderately long, in part curved seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Pronotum strongly transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally, anterior margin broadly emarginate and basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum very broadly rounded, shortly emarginate at posterolateral angles, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 221). Conspicuous appressed brush of clustered setae present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Areas at antero-and posterolateral angles of pronotum slightly dorsally impressed. Punctures oblongovoid, very deep and dense, arranged in dichotomic rows (Fig. 221). Inner margin of most punctures completely or partly with delicate membrane covered with microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 221). Intervening spaces glossy, smaller than punctures. Pronotal setae scale-like, longer on anterior margin facing frons and at posterolateral angles, but medially and basally generally short and not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Conspicuous rather long appressed brush of clustered setae (fur-like) rises from each puncture along lateral and anterior margins of pronotum (both dorsally and ventrally), especially dense on antero-and posterolateral angles. Basal and lateral margins of pronotum covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron nearly straight, very long setose on anterior margin opposite to compound eye, fl ange-like, covered by fur-like pubescence. Antennal pocket deep. Scutellar shield covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, narrowly rounded apically. Elytron completely covered with microscopical appressed fur-like pubescence (Figs 48,311), surface structure therefore almost completely hidden. Elytron maximum width across midlength, with obsolete humerus and distinct omoplate. Tracks of four convex longitudinal carinae on each elytron (including sutural one) formed by irregular delicate glossy glabrous humps. Elytral punctures delicate, oblongo-ovoid, moderately deep, generally smaller than those on forebody and with microreticulate background (Fig. 311). Intervening spaces generally much larger than punctures. Setae of elytra inconspicuous, appressed, rise from anterior margin of corresponding punctures, not surpassing their length. Moderately long, suberect, sparse scale-like and apically pointed setae arranged in irregular longitudinal rows along remnants of elytral carinae. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, deeply oblongo-punctate, intervening spaces covered with microscopical velvety pubescence directed in part circularly around punctures (Fig. 479). Setae of pygidium inconspicuous, sparse, suberect. Venter covered with sparse small shallow punctures, each provided with short brush of fur-like clustered setae. Ventral intervening spaces in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Distal margin of male metatibia with projection over basal metatarsomere. Male metatibia fl attened and glabrous on inner margin. Male protibia nearly straight on external margin, with complete dorsal groove. Two large distal teeth on external margin of male protibia, distal one acute (Fig. 385). Male protibial terminal spur large, curved. Male lower metatibial terminal spur curved. Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in males only?). Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 548. Male aedeagus as in Figs 626-628.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in lowland rainforests.

Distribution
Western surroundings of Jayapura, North New Guinea.

Differential diagnosis
This new species is undoubtedly very close to other Sulawesi congeners, primarily in the shape of the aedeagus in combination with the V-shaped emarginate male labroclypeus and the lateral margin of the pronotum being somewhat obtuse angulate postmedially.

Etymology
The new species is named after Konjo, a group of South Sulawesi native languages (Coastal Konjo and Highland Konjo) spoken in the area where it occurs. Noun in apposition. Dorsum and venter uniformly black to black-brown, labroclypeus, antennae and legs castaneous brown. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 131) shallowly emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus obtuse, strongly protruding. Frons convex dorsally. Compound eye moderately large, less than half head length. Head punctures ovoid to irregularly hexagonal, dense. Intervening spaces glossy, generally smaller than punctures. Head setae appressed to suberect, inconspicuous, sparse; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, surpassing its length. Pronotum broadly emarginate on anterior margin, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded, with very obtuse postmedian angulation, shallowly emarginate prebasally, crenulate all along (Fig. 222). Long erect seta present between every two crenulae. Pronotal punctures elongate ovoid, deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy, smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Setae generally as on head, but with numerous minute ones not surpassing midlength of corresponding punctures. Elytron with tracks of two fl at glabrous longitudinal carinae, sutural carina not indicated. Elytral punctures irregularly ovoid, deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy, generally larger than punctures (Fig. 313). Elytral setae appressed to suberect. Minute setae rise from anterior margin of corresponding punctures, not surpassing their midlength. Longer suberect setae arranged in 5-6 irregular longitudinal rows on each elytron. Male pygidium with moderately large sparse annular punctures, intervening spaces glossy, variably large (Fig. 480). Setae of pygidium rise from anterior margin of corresponding punctures, generally suberect to erect and longer than corresponding punctures. Several minute setae not surpassing length of corresponding punctures located along anterior margin of pygidium. Male protibia widened distally, with two obtuse distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 386). Male protibial terminal spur strongly curved. Aedeagus as in Figs 629-631.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in lower to mid-montane mixed rainforests (altitude ~1500 m a.s.l.) dominated by Pinus sp.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is generally larger, with straight and pointed protibial spur, distally distinctly bidentate protibia.

Ecology
Occurs in lowland and lower montane rainforests up to 1060 m altitude.

Distribution
Hitherto known from the Cyclops Mountains and western part of the Central Cordillera of New Guinea, Madang Province of Papua New Guinea, Yapen Island (Cenderawasih Bay) and Waigeo Island (Raja Ampat Islands).

Differential diagnosis
This new species is most similar to M. peregrinus Lansberge, 1886, M. babyrousa sp. nov., M. deltouri sp. nov. and M. suwawa sp. nov. (all from Sulawesi). It readily differs from them and other congeners in the widened and fl attened male basal metatarsomere, the shape of the male genital organs and the labroclypeus, which is entire and without protruding anterolateral angles in both sexes.

Etymology
Patronymic. This species is named after the famous expert of Curculionoidea and respected colleague Andrei A. Legalov (Novosibirsk, Russia). Description MEASUREMENTS (exposed abdominal ventrites not included). Male holotype, total body length 7.40 mm. Head 1.50 mm long, across eyes 1.78 mm wide. Pronotum 1.80 mm long, maximum width 2.80 mm. Elytral length 4.10 mm, maximum combined width 3.50 mm. Selected female paratype, total body length 8.50 mm. Head 1.50 mm long, across eyes 1.87 mm wide. Pronotum 2.00 mm long, maximum width 3.20 mm. Elytral length 5.00 mm, maximum combined width 4.10 mm.

Holotype
Dorsum and venter uniformly black with dark castaneous labroclypeus and anterior and lateral margins of pronotum, mouthparts and legs. Head transverse, trapezoid, slightly convex on frons in lateral view, glossy dorsally and ventrally, with large not prominent compound eyes occupying nearly half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 136) truncate, its lateral margins smooth, straight in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles obtuse angulate, not protruding. Female labroclypeus generally as in male, anterolateral angles strongly obtuse. Frons punctures circular to irregularly hexagonal, smaller in anterior, somewhat larger in posterior half. Intervening spaces glossy, much smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Setae dirty yellowish, sparse, somewhat thickened and suberect; seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, surpassing or not its length. Longer setae present near compound eyes and on underside of labroclypeus. Labroclypeus laterally and frontally with longer and slender setae. Male and female antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, strongly widened on upper side in distal half, provided with few long erect setae on posterior and distal margins. Antennomere 2 short cylindrical, transverse or nearly so. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum rather deeply emarginate, anterolateral angles protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded, slightly constricted towards base, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 224). Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Punctures of pronotal disc of irregular shape (generally ovoid), deep and large, becoming fl atter along lateral margins; inner margin with delicate membrane covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces much smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled, glossy. Setation as on head; setae generally not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Longer and thicker appressed seta between each of two lateral crenulae and all along basal margin. Hypomeron smooth, its anterolateral margin fl ange-like produced, with large sparse circular punctures, with large shallow emargination opposite to eye (to receive canthus separating compound eye), covered with long setae. Antennal pocket deep. Scutellar shield triangular, narrowly rounded apically. Elytra broadly cylindrical, maximum width across median third, glossy and slightly convex dorsally, with rounded humeri. Indistinct tracks of three fl at longitudinal carinae on each elytron. Short sutural carinae indicated near apices. Rather large obtuse hump on each elytron near apex. Disc and lateral sides of elytra irregularly densely punctured, punctures irregularly ovoid (Fig. 315). Periphery of punctures in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, completely or not encircling them. Intervening spaces generally smaller than punctures, glossy, in part microreticulate. Inconspicuous suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture. Epipleuron with row or two (in broad anterior part) of suberect setae. Pygidium and abdominal ventrites glossy. Pygidium in both sexes dorsally fl attened, covered with moderately large and deep irregularly ovoid punctures, each provided with moderately long suberect seta (Fig. 483). Legs long and slender, femora and tibiae covered with delicate whitish setae. Pro-and mesotibiae less distinct, metatibiae stronger thickened distally. Outer margins of meso-and metatibiae densely denticulate. Two teeth on external margin of protibia in both sexes (Fig. 388). Male lower meso-and metatibial terminal spur strongly curved. Distal margin of metatibia in both sexes with projection over basal metatarsomere. Male metatibial terminal spurs shorter than basal metatarsomere, female one as long as this. Male basal metatarsomere widened and dorso-ventrally fl attened. Tarsal claws with pulvilli in both sexes. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 549. Male aedeagus as in Figs 640-642.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is generally larger; lamellae of antennal club shorter; protibial spur slightly curved distally in male, straight in female; male metatibial terminal spur shorter than, in female as long as basal metatarsomere; apical margin of female pygidium with vague emargination, not emarginate in male; female basal metatarsomere not conspicuously widened or fl attened; female lower meso-and metatibial terminal spur slender, slightly curved apically.

Ecology
Occurs in lowland rainforests. Possibly nocturnal.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from Central Sulawesi. Dorsum uniformly black with reddish brown labroclypeus, mouthparts, antennae, legs and all of venter. Head transverse, glossy to subopaque dorsally and ventrally, somewhat convex between eyes and vaguely impressed on labroclypeus anterior to each compound eye. Compound eye large, occupying about half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 132) very shallowly broadly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views, anterolateral angles weakly protruding, obtuse in dorsal view, bent up at ~80-90° to frons in lateral view. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Head dorsal punctures circular to ovoid, deep, smaller on labroclypeus than on frons; inner margin of some punctures with delicate membrane. Intervening spaces glossy to very delicately microreticulate, glabrous, variably large. Suberect thickened moderately long scale-like seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Antennomere 2 trapezoid, transverse. Pronotum glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate, anterolateral angles protruding anteriad. Vague dorsal impression beyond anterolateral angle on either side. Basal and lateral margins broadly rounded. Crenulae of lateral margin delicate, a long suberect seta present between every two crenulae (Fig. 225). Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Pronotal punctures ovoid, very deep, variably large; inner margin of some punctures with delicate membrane. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, in part wrinkled, generally smaller than punctures except near lateral margins. Setae shorter than those on frons. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with dense microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 357). Hypomeron shallowly emarginate and very long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like. Antennal pocket deep. Median anterior process of prosternum long brushy setose, short, moderately raised. Scutellar shield rounded apically. Elytra slightly widened in posterior half, maximum width across midlength, glossy dorsally, with distinct humeri. Punctures of elytral disc irregular in shape and size, generally much shallower than those on pronotal disc; on periphery partly or completely encircled with dense microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 316). Setae inconspicuous, in part minute, in part moderately large and surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Epipleuron all along with very short appressed setae. Male pygidium slightly convex dorsally, circularly punctate, subopaque microreticulate on intervening spaces, spaces generally smaller than punctures, with moderately long suberect seta that rises from each puncture (Fig. 485). Venter covered with sparse small shallow punctures, each provided with very short seta.

Maechidius leucopsar
Legs long and slender. Male protibia nearly straight on external margin, delicately crenulate in basal third, with almost complete dorsal fovea. Two acute rather large distal teeth on male protibia, distal longer than basal one (Fig. 389). Male protibial terminal spur large, curved. Male metatibial terminal spurs obtuse, the lower stronger curved than upper one. Tarsal claws with large pulvilli (in male only?). Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 550. Male aedeagus as in Figs 643-645.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs at an altitude of about 1200 m.

Paratypes
According to the original description, there are 17 ♂♀ at NHMB. I had the opportunity to examine four of them which are referred below to M. mailu sp. nov. Frey (1969: 502) designated the single specimen from Port Moresby as the holotype.

Description
MEASUREMENTS. Holotype male 6.70 mm long.
Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown, appendages and labroclypeus castaneous brown. Head fl attened dorsally on frons, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 135) subtruncate anteriorly, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles broadly rounded, not protruding. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse inconspicuous setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus very broadly rounded in dorsal view. Punctures of frons circular to ovoid, moderately deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Head setae minute, appressed to suberect, not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum strongly transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum sinuous with slightly protruding anterolateral angles. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view nearly straight, stronger constricted anteriad and straight at base, crenulate all along (Fig. 226). An inconspicuous short seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum hardly sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by moderately high straight carina which is shortly fl ange-like protruding in posterior half, obtusely angulate medially, with long setae on its anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye (Fig. 270). Antennal pocket moderately deep. Punctures of pronotal disc ovoid, moderately deep and dense, fi lled with microscopical velvety pubescence, in part horseshoe-shaped along lateral margins of pronotum. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Setae as those on head, very inconspicuous. Base of pronotum with very narrow area of microscopical velvety pubescence. Scutellar shield triangular, pointed apically, covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Elytron glossy, with vague tracks of three longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Base of elytra with narrow area covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Punctures of elytral disc linear (long and narrow), rather deep (Fig. 317). Intervening spaces larger than punctures, glossy. Elytral setae inconspicuous, appressed; each seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing length of incision. Male pygidium slightly convex dorsally, with large and shallow annular punctures (Fig. 486). Intervening spaces glossy, generally smaller than punctures. Setae of pygidium suberect to erect, short in anterior, longer in apical half. Male protibia with two distal teeth of which basal one very inconspicuous (Fig. 390). Male protibial terminal spur straight, pointed. Male lower meso-and metatibial terminal spurs strongly curved. Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in male only?). Aedeagus as in Figs 646-648. Frey, 1969 Figs 54, 139-140, 227, 272, 318, 391, 487, 569, 649-

Description
Male labroclypeus (Fig. 139) deeply emarginate, anterolateral angles protruding. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 140) with obtuse and less protruding anterolateral angles. Lateral margins of labroclypeus strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles raised up at angle of nearly 70-80° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse very long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Head dorsal punctures circular, in part annular. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Head setae scale-like, elongate; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Antenna 7-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Anterior margin of pronotum subtruncate with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 227). Extraordinarily long erect distally curved seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Pronotal punctures annular, variable in size. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Pronotal setae rather large, suberect, rising from anterior margin of corresponding punctures. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by straight vague carina, with moderately long setae on its anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye (Fig. 272). Antennal pocket shallow. Elytron subopaque, surface delicately wrinkled. Punctures of elytral disc double (Fig. 318). Ordinary punctures of irregular shape, shallow, dense. On background of each ordinary puncture with additional linear (long and narrow), incision-shaped puncture. Intervening spaces glossy, much larger than incisions. Elytral setae of variable length, not surpassing to strongly surpassing length of corresponding incisions. Pygidium in both sexes slightly convex dorsally, with large dense and shallow annular punctures and moderately long erect setae (Fig. 487). Protibia is modifi ed also on inner margin, concave predistally. Male and female protibia distally tridentate on external margin (Fig. 391). Female metatibial terminal spurs short, unequal in length, rounded apically, male one longer, subequal in length and nearly pointed. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 569. Aedeagus as in Figs 649-651.

Differential diagnosis
Maechidius longipes sp. nov. is peculiar among all congeners primarily due to the lengthened tarsi and the shape of the male aedeagus.

Etymology
Named from the Latin 'longipes' (meaning 'long-legged') to highlight the conspicuously long tarsi of this species.

Paratype
COUNTRY UNKNOWN (Island of New Guinea) • 1 ♂; same labels as for holotype; BMNH.

Remarks
Both holo-and paratype are mounted on the same card on one pin and share the same labels; the holotype is the specimen on the left, the paratype is the specimen on the right with completely missing head.
Dorsum and venter uniformly brown, labroclypeus, antennae, legs and lateral margins of pronotum paler. Head fl attened dorsally, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 138) broadly shallowly emarginate on anterior margin, anterolateral angles nearly right-angled, protruding anteriad. Lateral margins of labroclypeus sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Underside of labroclypeus with sparse long delicate setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Punctures of frons circular to irregularly hexagonal, annular, large and shallow. Intervening spaces smaller than punctures, glossy. Setae inconspicuous, suberect; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with protruding acute anterolateral angles, basal margin very broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded, very shallowly emarginate postmedially, crenulate all along (crenulae at well defi ned intervals, not merged) (Fig. 228). Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Short suberect seta present between every two crenulae. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low nearly arched carina. Antennal pocket shallow. Pronotal punctures larger than those on head, circular to irregularly ovoid, annular, shallow and very dense. Intervening spaces much smaller than punctures, glossy or in part microreticulate. Inconspicuous curved suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, generally surpassing its length. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron opaque, without tracks of longitudinal carinae. Elytral punctures linear (elongate and narrow), incision-shaped, moderately deep (Fig. 319). Intervening spaces densely microreticulate. Inconspicuous suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing length of corresponding incision. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large very shallow annular punctures (Fig. 488). Intervening spaces densely microreticulate, much smaller than punctures. Setae of pygidium inconspicuous, sparse, suberect. Male protibia with two acute external teeth (Fig. 319). Male protibial terminal spur short, thickened, slightly sinuous. Male lower metatibial terminal spur extraordinarily long (Fig. 443), pointed apically. In male all tarsi very long, tarsomeres lengthened; tarsus at least as long as or longer than corresponding tibia. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 551. Aedeagus as in Figs 652-654.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Unknown.

Description
Dorsum uniformly brown to black-brown, venter and appendages somewhat paler. Head fl attened dorsally, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 142) broadly shallowly V-shaped emarginate on anterior margin, anterolateral angles obtuse angulate, protruding anteriad. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 143) very broadly emarginate on anterior margin with anterolateral angles rounded and not protruding. Lateral margins of labroclypeus slightly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Underside of labroclypeus with sparse long delicate setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Punctures of frons irregularly circular, annular, large and shallow. Intervening spaces generally smaller than punctures, glossy. Setae inconspicuous, appressed to suberect; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with slightly protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view slightly rounded, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 229). Lateral margin of pronotum slightly sinuous in lateral view. Short suberect curved seta present between every two crenulae. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low nearly straight carina, with long setae on anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket shallow. Pronotal punctures larger than those on head, irregularly circular to ovoid, annular, shallow and dense. Intervening spaces smaller than punctures, in part microreticulate. Moderately long curved suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, surpassing its length. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron opaque, without tracks of longitudinal carinae. Elytral punctures linear (elongate and narrow), incision-shaped, moderately deep (Fig. 320). Intervening spaces densely microreticulate. Seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, suberect, hardly surpassing length of corresponding incision. Male and female pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large shallow irregularly shaped annular punctures (Fig. 489). Intervening spaces microreticulate, much smaller than punctures. Setae of pygidium sparse, suberect, moderately long. Male and female protibia widened distally, with delicate dorsal carina and three obtuse external teeth (Fig. 393). Male protibial terminal spur short and thickened, female one narrow and pointed. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 552. Aedeagus as in Figs 655-657.

Sexual dimorphism
Female lamellae of antennal club shorter; labroclypeus shallower emarginate anteriorly, with stronger rounder and less produced anterolateral angles; protibial terminal spur longer and more slender.

Differential diagnosis
Maechidius mailu sp. nov. is peculiar among all congeners primarily due to the shape of the male aedeagus, the almost straight lateral margins of the pronotum and the partly wrinkled elytral sculpture.

Etymology
Named after the Mailu, the local tribe and language of Amazon Bay, Papua New Guinea. Noun in apposition.

Remarks
According to the original description of M. lineatopunctatus (Frey 1969: 502), there are 17 male/female paratypes at NHMB of which I had the opportunity to study one single male and three additional specimens that were allocated by the NHMB staff (C. Germann, personal communication).
Dorsum and venter uniformly brown, appendages and labroclypeus castaneous. Head fl attened dorsally on frons, subopaque dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 141) broadly and shallowly emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles strongly obtuse, rounded, not protruding. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse inconspicuous setae along anterior and lateral margins. Compound eye moderately large. Canthus very broadly rounded in dorsal view. Head punctures circular, moderately deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy to microreticulate, variably large. Head setae minute, appressed, rise from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing midlength of corresponding punctures. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum strongly transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles slightly protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum slightly sinuous. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view nearly straight, very slightly emarginate in basal half, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 230). Minute erect seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum slightly sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by moderately high nearly straight carina which is shortly fl ange-like protruding in posterior half, with long setae on its anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye (Fig. 271). Antennal pocket moderately deep. Pronotal punctures circular to ovoid, dense and moderately deep, in part annular. Intervening spaces glossy or delicately microreticulate, variably large, in part wrinkled. Setae as those on head, very inconspicuous. Scutellar shield triangular, pointed apically. Elytron subopaque, without tracks of longitudinal carinae.
Punctures of elytral disc ovoid, deep, dense. Intervening spaces in part wrinkled in part glossy, variably large. Elytral setae inconspicuous, appressed; each seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing length of corresponding puncture (Fig. 321). Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large and shallow irregularly hexagonal punctures (Fig. 490). Intervening spaces microreticulate, much smaller than punctures. Setae of pygidium very short in anterior, slightly longer in apical half. Male protibia with two inconspicuous distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 394). Male protibial terminal spur straight, pointed. Male lower mesotibial terminal spur slightly curved. Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in male only?). Aedeagus as in Figs 658-660.

Sexual dimorphism
Female not studied.

Ecology
Unknown.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from Papuan Peninsula of New Guinea.

Description
MEASUREMENTS. Male holotype, total body length 6.35 mm. Head 1.05 mm long, across eyes 1.60 mm wide. Pronotum 1.60 mm long, maximum width 2.60 mm. Elytral length 3.70 mm, maximum combined width 3.10 mm. Paratype is 6.80 mm long.
Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown with brown labroclypeus, antennae and legs. Head transverse, slightly convex dorsally between eyes, subopaque dorsally and ventrally, with large not prominent eyes occupying less than half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 144) broadly V-shaped emarginate on anterior margin, with lateral margins smooth, sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus protruding anteriad, nearly right-angular. Head punctures irregularly ovoid, very deep and dense. Each puncture encircled with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, generally much smaller than punctures. Head setae dirty yellowish, generally sparse, long and erect, with some scattered minute setae not surpassing length of their corresponding punctures. Labroclypeus laterally and frontally with long sparse setae. Male antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape moderately large, bulbous dorsally in distal half, provided with few long erect setae on its posterior and distal margin. Antennomere 2 short, slightly transverse. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (slightly) protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded with maximum width posterior to midlength, crenulate all along (Fig. 231). Long curved erect seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Pronotal punctures ovoid, very deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, much smaller than punctures. Setae similar to those on head, stronger curved and comparatively shorter. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron smooth, sparsely covered by circular punctures, fl ange-like, with large emargination opposite to compound eye (to receive canthus separating compound eye), provided with long setae. Antennal pocket deep. Scutellar shield pointed apically. Elytra cylindrical, maximum width in median third, subopaque, with rounded humeri and slightly elevated omoplates. Indistinct tracks of two fl at longitudinal carinae on each elytron. Sutural carina not indicated. Elytral disc and lateral sides of elytra with dense and deep ovoid punctures; perimeters of many punctures completely or partly encircled with microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 322). Intervening spaces glossy, generally smaller than punctures. Setae of two kinds on elytral disc. Very long, erect, in part clavate setae arranged in irregular longitudinal rows present on each elytron. Inconspicuous short setae rising from anterior margin of corresponding punctures and not surpassing their length positioned between longitudinal rows of longer setae. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, with deep ovoid punctures (Fig. 491). Intervening spaces variably large, covered with dense microscopical pubescence. Setae of pygidium erect, long, in part clavate. Male protibia with two inconspicuous distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 395). Male lower meso-and metatibial terminal spur strongly curved. Distal margin of male metatibia with projection over basal metatarsomere. Male basal metatarsomere widened and dorso-ventrally fl attened. Claws with pulvilli (in males only?). Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 553. Male aedeagus as in Figs 661-663.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in lowland up to mid-montane rainforests. Possibly nocturnal (holotype was attracted to light).

Distribution
Hitherto only known from North Sulawesi.  (Fig. 145) straight on anterior margin. Anterolateral angles of male labroclypeus strongly protruding anteriad, acute. Lateral margins of male labroclypeus sinuous both in dorsal and lateral view. Head dorsal punctures deep, circular to ovoid. Antennae 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Head and pronotum covered with sparse, rather short suberect scale-like setae which are rounded apically. Pronotum constricted postmedially towards base. Obtuse median angulation on lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view (Fig. 232). Pronotal punctures deep of different shape and size. Scales broader on sides of pronotal disc. With vague track of one longitudinal carina on each elytron; carina with multiple interruptions. Elytral punctures with ovoid to linear incision-shaped deep punctures (Fig. 323). Intervening spaces microreticulate, subopaque, larger than punctures. Elytral scale-like setae strongly vary in size from minute (more abundant) to clavate and strongly surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Sutural carinae partly present, with interruptions. Setae scale-like, extremely minute (miniseta rising from anterior margin of each puncture) with sparse large scales. Male pygidium with deep ovoid punctures, intervening spaces covered with microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 492). Setae of pygidium scale-like, larger and clavate in median part (all pointing obliquely to the middle), minute and not surpassing length of corresponding punctures in most of anterior part of pygidium. Male protibia with two distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 396). Male metatibial terminal spurs distinctly shorter than length of basal metatarsomere. Spiculum gastrale rounded distally. Male aedeagus as in Figs 664-666.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Unknown.

Distribution
New Guinea. Exact location of Doron cannot be tracked. Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown, labroclypeus castaneous brown. Head transverse, subopaque, slightly convex dorsally. Compound eyes large and globose, occupying more than a half of head length. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 146) broadly shallowly emarginate, anterolateral angles of labroclypeus acute, rather strongly protruding anteriad, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Head punctures ovoid, very deep and dense, variably large, fi lled with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, generally much smaller than punctures. At least labroclypeus and areas around either compound eye covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Head setae inconspicuous, scale-like and in part clavate, rise from anterior margin of corresponding punctures, not or slightly surpassing their length. Pronotum strongly transverse, subopaque dorsally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view very broadly rounded, slightly constricted prebasally, crenulate all along (Fig. 234). Suberect scale-like clavate seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Very vague circular dorsal impression on either side of pronotum on axis of compound eye. Hypomeron shallowly emarginate and long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like protruding. Antennal pocket deep. Median anterior process of prosternum long brushy setose, short, fl ange-like raised. Pronotal punctures stronger oblong, very deep and dense, fi lled with dense microscopical velvety pubescence, on sides of pronotum larger than those on head. Intervening spaces glossy, narrow, in part wrinkled. Pronotal setae minute, shorter than their corresponding punctures; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Basal margin all along with row of curved scale-like clavate setae. Lateral margins, antero-and posterolateral angles completely covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Elytra cylindrical, subopaque dorsally, each elytron with vague tracks of three longitudinal carinae including sutural one. Punctures of elytra ovoid, confused, variably large, deep and in part fi lled with microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 324). Elytral setae generally minute, scale-like, appressed; each seta arises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, generally not surpassing half its length. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, densely coarsely irregularly punctured with glossy intervening spaces variably large (Fig. 493). Setae of pygidium inconspicuous, sparse, scale-like, suberect. Male protibia with two acute distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 397). Male terminal protibial spur slender, slightly curved (Fig. 397). Distal margin of metatibia in both sexes with projection over basal metatarsomere. Upper metatibial terminal spur half length of male basal metatarsomere, not surpassing distal margin of metatibia in dorsal view. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 554. Aedeagus as in Figs 667-669.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Unknown.

Distribution
East New Guinea, surroundings of Madang. Heller, 1914 Figs 60, 148-149, 233, 325, 398, 494, 670- Heller (1914: 628) based his description of M. milneanus on an unstated number of specimens. Since two specimens with identical locality data are present in SNSD (and a number of specimens with slightly different labels -see above), the lectotype designated here is the only syntype with Heller's original "typus" handwriting on a red label, which, without confi dence, may indicate that this specimen was selected by the original author as the holotype. The lectotype designation is made in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.
Dorsum and venter uniformly brown, appendages somewhat paler, forebody with greenish metallic lustre. Head convex dorsally on frons between compound eyes, subopaque dorsally and ventrally. Labroclypeus (Figs 148-149) in both sexes very broadly shallowly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles broadly rounded, hardly protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 80-90° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus strongly obtusely angulate in dorsal view. Punctures of frons circular to hexagonal, in part annular, large and shallow. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Setae inconspicuous, appressed, generally not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Antenna 7-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded in dorsal view, strongly crenulate all along (Fig. 233). Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Short suberect seta present between every two crenulae. With small circular vague median impression on either side of disc.
Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low nearly straight carina, with moderately long setae on its anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket shallow. Punctures of pronotal disc large, circular to ovoid, dense, annular. Intervening spaces distinctly smaller than punctures. Pronotal setae inconspicuous, appressed; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, not surpassing its length. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron subopaque, without or with vague tracks of four fl at longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Surface of elytral disc wrinkled and with sinuous (long and narrow) incision-shaped punctures. Intervening spaces microrugulose (Fig. 325). Elytral setae inconspicuous, appressed, not surpassing length of corresponding incisions. Male and female pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large shallow annular punctures (Fig. 494). Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Setae of pygidium short, inconspicuous, sparse, generally not surpassing length of corresponding punctures except several long suberect ones along posterior margin of pygidium. Protibia widened distally, with three external teeth (Fig. 398). Male protibial terminal spur very short, female one longer and very narrow. Male metatibial terminal spurs long, nearly equally long, female lower metatibial spur distinctly longer than the upper. Tarsal claws with pulvilli.

Remarks
There are several male syntypes from the same locality available for this species. A lectotype is therefore not designated since there is no risk of confusion.

Description
With general features of M. interruptocarinulatus . Male labroclypeus (Fig. 147) sinuous and shallowly emarginate anteriorly, its anterolateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles almost right-angled, slightly protruding. Punctures of frons circular to hexagonal, moderately deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy, generally smaller than punctures. Setae inconspicuous, scale-like, appressed; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, surpassing or not length of corresponding puncture. Male antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin broadly sinuous with protruding anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (slightly), basal margin broadly rounded with posterolateral angles somewhat protruding posteriad. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight, slightly constricted anteriorly and prebasally, crenulate all along (Fig. 235). Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. An appressed short seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron emarginate and long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like protruding. Antennal pocket deep. Punctures of pronotal disc generally larger and stronger oblong than those on head, inner margin with thin membrane covered with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, in part wrinkled. Setae scale-like, appressed to suberect, generally not surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Longer scale-like clavate suberect setae on posterolateral angles. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron glossy, with fi ve vague glabrous, variously broadly interrupted longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Punctures of elytral disc ovoid, generally smaller than on forebody, deep (Fig. 326). Each puncture partly or completely encircled with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, glabrous, generally smaller than punctures. Setae inconspicuous, generally not surpassing length of corresponding punctures, becoming somewhat longer and less appressed along tracks of longitudinal carinae. Each elytron with a long lateral subhumeral seta on lateral margin. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally (Fig. 495). Punctures of pygidium ovoid, dense and very deep, setae suberect, not or hardly surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Male protibia somewhat arched and crenulate on external margin, with single obtuse distal tooth (Fig. 399). Male tarsal claws with pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 555. Aedeagus as in Figs 673-675.

Remarks
There are several male syntypes from the same locality available for this species. A lectotype is therefore not designated since there is no risk of confusion.

Redescription
Male labroclypeus (Fig. 151) broadly V-shaped emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Head dorsal punctures circular, variably large, shallow, annular, with shagreened background. A long suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture. Intervening spaces glossy, larger on labroclypeus, generally much narrower than punctures on frons. Pronotum broadly emarginate on anterior margin, anterolateral angles slightly protruding, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded in dorsal view, with large crenulae all along (Fig. 236). A moderately long suberect seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low nearly straight carina, with moderately long setae on its anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket shallow. Pronotal punctures circular, annular, large, shallow. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Minute appressed seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing midlength of corresponding puncture. Elytral punctures irregularly ovoid, annular, shallow, arranged in double longitudinal rows (Fig. 327). Intervening spaces glossy, generally larger than punctures. Elytral setae minute, surface looks glabrous under 50 × magnifi cation; minute seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing midlength of corresponding puncture. Pygidium in both sexes fl attened dorsally, with large circular to ovoid shallow annular punctures (Fig. 496). Intervening spaces generally smaller than punctures, glossy. Setae inconspicuous and short in anterior part, becoming longer than corresponding punctures in distal part. Protibia in both sexes widened distally, with three distal teeth on external margin, of which two distal ones larger and stronger acute (Fig. 400). Protibia without terminal spur in both sexes. Male aedeagus as in Figs 676-678.

Sexual dimorphism
Lamellae of female antennal club shorter.

Differential diagnosis
This species is primarily different among congeners due to the shape of the aedeagus in combination with the sculpture (irregularly paired rows of linear punctures) and the setae of the dorsum.

Etymology
The name is derived from a combination of Nepenthes Linnaeus, 1753 (genus of carnivorous pitcher plants) and the Greek 'philia' (φιλία, Ancient Greek for love and friendship), indicating the association of the imago with fl owers of pitcher plants. Dorsum uniformly black-brown with brown labroclypeus, antennae, legs and venter. Head transverse, subopaque dorsally and ventrally, fl attened dorsally. Compound eye moderately large, occupying less than half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 152) broadly emarginate, in female (Fig. 153) shallower emarginate anteriorly. Lateral margins of labroclypeus in both sexes sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views, anterolateral angles weakly protruding, obtuse in dorsal view. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Head dorsal punctures circular, moderately deep and dense, fi lled or not with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy to delicately microreticulate, variably large. Suberect long seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture; four extraordinarily long erect setae at inner margin of either compound eye and one single on either canthus. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Antennomere 2 trapezoid, transverse. Pronotum strongly transverse, subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate, anterolateral angles protruding anteriad. Basal and lateral margins broadly rounded in dorsal view. Crenulae of lateral margin moderately strong; a long erect curved seta present between every two crenulae (Fig. 237). Lateral margin of pronotum slightly arched in lateral view. Pronotal punctures ovoid to oblong-ovoid, annular, deep and dense, variably large (generally larger along lateral margins and on base), fi lled or not with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces in part glossy and glabrous, in part microreticulate, generally smaller than punctures except in some areas. Setae similar to those on head, somewhat stronger curved. Lateral margins partly (narrowly) covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low nearly straight carina which is long setose opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket shallow. Median anterior process of prosternum long brushy setose, short, strongly raised. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytra cylindrical, maximum width across midlength, opaque dorsally, with distinct humeri. Elytral disc irregularly, mainly transversely wrinkled. Punctures of elytral disc linear (elongate and narrow), incision-like, arranged in irregular paired longitudinal rows (Fig. 328). Moderately long suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each incision, surpassing its length (elytral setae shorter than those on forebody). Lateral margin of elytra all along with moderately long erect setae. Male and female pygidium fl attened dorsally, shallowly impressed in apical part. Punctures of pygidium large and dense, circular, annular, very shallow. Intervening spaces much smaller than punctures, glossy to subopaque (Fig. 497). Setae of pygidium suberect, sparse, moderately long. Male and female protibia with two inconspicuous distal teeth (Fig. 401), female ones generally larger. Protibial terminal spur absent in both sexes. Male tarsal claws with large pulvilli. Male aedeagus as in Figs 679-681.

Sexual dimorphism
Female lamellae of antennal club shorter; female labroclypeus comparatively shallower emarginate anteriorly with less protruding anterolateral angles.

Ecology
Occurs on dry nutrient-poor semidry slopes in eucalypt stands at altitudes around 150 m. Found on fl owers of Nepenthes sp. (Figs 751-753).

Remarks
The lectotype is designated in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on. Arrow (1941: 454) described this species from four female specimens, not designating the holotype. The BMNH specimen with Arrow's handwriting "type" is herewith designated as the lectotype.

Description
Dorsum densely covered with dirty yellowish microscopical velvety pubescence. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 150) broadly emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins nearly straight in dorsal, slightly sinuous in lateral view. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus acute, rather strongly protruding. Head dorsal punctures dense, circular to ovoid, deep. Intervening spaces generally smaller than punctures. Setae scale-like, suberect, clavate, small to rather long. Pronotum anterior and basal margins sinuous in dorsal view. Lateral margin of pronotum somewhat fl attened and laterally expanding in anterior half (in dorsal view), strongly sinuous in dorsal view, broadly rounded in anterior ⅔, emarginate prebasally and again widened at base. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 238). A scale-like curved clavate seta present between every two crenulae. Hypomeron fl ange-like protruding, emarginate opposite compound eye. Antennal pocket deep. Pronotal punctures elongate ovoid, deep. Intervening spaces generally larger than punctures. Lateral sides of pronotum covered with dense brush-like clusters of setae reminiscent of mammal fur (Fig. 238), dorsal surface fully hidden. Setae scale-like, clavate, suberect; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, not surpassing its length. Elytral punctures elongate, irregularly sized and shaped, deep (Fig. 329). Intervening spaces much larger than punctures. Elytral setae scale-like, clavate, appressed, not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Longer suberect scale-like clavate setae arranged in irregular longitudinal rows -single sutural and two doubled rows. Female pygidium covered with furlike pubescence, deeply densely punctate with ovoid punctures (Fig. 498). Setae of pygidium scale-like, elongate, suberect, rather long. Female protibia with two distal teeth on external margin, both nearly acute (Fig. 402).

Sexual dimorphism
Male is unknown.  (Figs 154-155) broadly emarginate on anterior margin. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus strongly protruding anteriad, acute in male, obtuse and weaker protruding in female. Lateral margins of labroclypeus in male slightly, in female stronger sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Head dorsal punctures ovoid, deep and dense. Antennae 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Head and pronotum covered with sparse, rather short suberect scale-like setae which are rounded apically. Pronotum narrowing laterally postmedially towards base in dorsal view (Fig. 239). No or very obtuse median angulation on lateral margins of pronotum in dorsal view. Hypomeron fl ange-like protruding, emarginate opposite compound eye. Antennal pocket deep. Pronotal punctures irregularly ovoid, intervening spaces generally larger than punctures. Scales larger on sides of pronotal disc. With vague track of one longitudinal carina on each elytron; carina with multiple interruptions. Sutural carinae also partly present, with interruptions. Punctures of elytra of irregular elongate shape, clustered in groups (Fig. 330). Intervening spaces within clusters smaller, between clusters larger than punctures. Setae scale-like, minute; seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing its midlength. Larger scale-like suberect setae arranged in irregular longitudinal rows. Male and female pygidium covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, deep ovoid punctured, with minute scales not surpassing length of punctures and large scale-like clavate setae pointing obliquely to middle (Figs 499-500). Female pygidium shallowly longitudinally impressed. Male and female protibia with two distal teeth (Fig. 403), female distal tooth much stronger than in male. Male and female metatibial terminal spurs distinctly shorter than length of basal metatarsomere. Aedeagus as in Figs 682-684.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is generally larger, with short, straight and pointed protibial terminal spur, weaker protruding and obtuse anterolateral angles of labroclypeus. Female pygidium longitudinally impressed and lamellae of antennal clubs shorter.

Ecology
Occurs in lowland rainforests at about 365 m altitude.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from Owen Stanley Range, Papuan Peninsula of New Guinea. Moser, 1926 Figs 62, 156, 240, 273, 331, 404, 501-502 Moser (1926: 200) based his description of M. papuanus on an unstated number of specimens. The lectotype is therefore designated for the single syntype in ZMHB in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.

MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 7.90 mm (lectotype).
Body uniformly brown, labroclypeus and legs slightly paler. Head slightly wider than long, opaque dorsally, frons fl attened. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 156) spatulate, truncate on anterior margin, its lateral margins straight in dorsal, slightly sinuous in lateral view. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus obtuse, on same axis as its anterior margin (not protruding). Head punctures irregularly circular, deep and dense, intervening spaces opaque, microreticulate. Head setae not present due to condition of specimen. Pronotum transverse, opaque dorsally. Anterior margin of pronotum sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and median part (slightly) protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum very broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view very broadly rounded, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 240). Moderately long suberect thickened curved seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low carina, slightly arched, with long setae opposite to compound eye (Fig. 273). Antennal pocket moderately deep. Pronotal punctures deep and dense, smaller and more regular circular in median third, larger and ovoid in lateral thirds. Intervening spaces generally smaller than punctures, microreticulate. Pronotal setae inconspicuous, suberect, curved; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, generally surpassing its length. On posterolateral and basal margins with a row of longer thicker setae. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron cylindrical, opaque, with vague track of one longitudinal carina. Elytral punctures linear (elongate and narrow), incision-like, deep (Fig. 331). An appressed inconspicuous seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, generally surpassing length of corresponding incision. Intervening spaces larger than punctures, microreticulate. Female pygidium fl attened dorsally, with strong glabrous median hump (Figs 501-502). Area around median hump with large irregularly circular annular punctures, intervening spaces smaller than those. Setae of pygidium inconspicuous, short, suberect. Female protibia with two conspicuous distal teeth on external margin: predistal one callus-like, very inconspicuous, distal one somewhat curved inwards, obtuse (Fig. 404). Female protibial terminal spur conspicuous, very short and thick, blunt. Female metatibia widened on distal margin.

Sexual dimorphism
Male is unknown. Moser, 1920 Figs 69, 157, 241, 332, 503 Moser (1920: 15) based his description of M. parallelicollis on an unstated number of specimens. The lectotype is therefore designated for the single syntype in ZMHB in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.

MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 7.45 mm (lectotype).
Dorsum and venter uniformly brown except for paler appendages and antennae. Head fl attened dorsally on frons between eyes, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 157) shallowly and very broadly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles almost right-angled, hardly protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 90-95° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus slightly sinuous in dorsal view. Punctures of frons large, of irregular shape, annular, shallow and dense. Intervening spaces glossy, distinctly smaller than punctures. Each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Male antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin slightly sinuous. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight, delicately crenulate all along (about 20 fl at crenulae on either side) (Fig. 241). Inconspicuous erect seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum hardly sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron slightly arched, separated from prosternum by moderately high partly acute carina. Antennal pocket moderately deep. Pronotal punctures larger than those on head, annular, stronger ovoid at lateral sides and base. Setae inconspicuous, erect, hardly surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron subopaque, without tracks of longitudinal carinae. Elytral punctures very elongate and narrow, dense, incision-shaped (Fig. 332). Setae inconspicuous, not surpassing length of corresponding punctures, appressed. Male pygidium slightly convex dorsally, densely annularly punctate and with short erect setae (Fig. 503). Male metatibial terminal spurs long, subequal in length. Tarsal claws with pulvilli at least on middle and posterior legs (in male only?).
Dorsum uniformly brown, venter and appendages somewhat paler. Head fl attened dorsally, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 159) broadly shallowly emarginate on anterior margin, anterolateral angles obtuse angulate, protruding anteriad. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 158) very broadly emarginate on anterior margin. Lateral margins of labroclypeus sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles raised up at angle of nearly 90° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Underside of labroclypeus with sparse long delicate setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus strongly obtusely angulate to broadly rounded in dorsal view. Punctures of frons circular to ovoid, annular, large and shallow. Intervening spaces smaller than punctures, glossy to microreticulate. Setae inconspicuous, suberect, each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, hardly surpassing length of corresponding puncture to twice as long as it. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum gradually widened anteriorly or broadly rounded, very obtusely angulate postmedially, from here constricted towards base or shallowly emarginate, distinctly crenulate all along (crenulae small but with well-defi ned intervals, not merged) (Fig. 242). Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Short suberect seta present between every two crenulae. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low nearly straight carina, with very long setae on its slightly arched anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye (Fig. 274). Antennal pocket shallow. Pronotal punctures larger than those on head, ovoid, annular, rather dense, intervening spaces variably large, opaque and microreticulate. Inconspicuous curved appressed to suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, generally surpassing its length. Basal margin near posterolateral angles with a fringe of long setae on either side in some specimens. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron opaque, without tracks of longitudinal carinae. Elytral punctures linear (elongate and narrow), incision-shaped, moderately deep (Fig. 291). Intervening spaces microreticulate. Seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, suberect, not surpassing length of corresponding incision. Male and female pygidium fl attened dorsally (female one with inconspicuous V-shaped dorsal impression), with large shallow annular punctures (Fig. 504). Intervening spaces microreticulate, generally smaller than punctures. Setae of pygidium sparse, suberect, each seta rises from centre of puncture. Male and female protibia widened distally, with delicate dorsal carina and three external teeth (two distal signifi cantly larger, lower tooth inconspicuous in some specimens) (Fig. 405). Male protibial terminal spur short and thickened, female one narrow and pointed. Female metatibial terminal spurs long, unequal in length, distally rounded. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 536. Aedeagus as in Figs 748-750.

Sexual dimorphism
Female lamellae of antennal club shorter; labroclypeus comparatively shallower emarginate anteriorly; female pygidium with vague V-shaped impression in apical part. Heller, 1910 comb. rest. Figs 71, 160-161, 243, 275, 333, 406, 505-506, 685-687 Heller (1910: 24) likely based his description of M. pauxillus on a single specimen -although not explicitly stated. The single SNSD specimen labelled "typus" is herewith designated as lectotype in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.
Dorsum and venter uniformly brown. Dorsum almost completely covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Head humped dorsally between eyes, opaque dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 160) broadly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles acute, strongly protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 90-95° to frons in lateral view. Female labroclypeus less deeply emarginate on anterior margin (Fig. 161). Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Underside of labroclypeus with sparse long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus straight in dorsal view. Dorsal sculpture of head almost completely obscured by dense suberect strongly clavate scales. Punctures of frons ovoid, deep and dense. Setae scale-like, dense, more or less strongly clavate, suberect to erect. Male antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, opaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum sinuous with median part (slightly) and anterolateral angles (stronger) protruding, basal margin broadly slightly sinuous. Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous, nearly straight in anterior two thirds, constricted afterwards towards base, delicately (indistinctly) crenulate all along (Fig. 243). Clavate short seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum straight in anterior two thirds, curved in basal third in lateral view. Hypomeron hardly emarginate and long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like (Fig. 275). Antennal pocket deep. Pronotal punctures deeper than those on head, irregularly ovoid. Median ones provided with minute seta at anterior margin not surpassing midlength of corresponding puncture. Lateral and anterior margins very densely scale-like clavate setose. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron opaque, with vague tracks of two longitudinal carinae plus broadly interrupted glabrous remnants of sutural one. Punctures of elytral disc irregular, ovoid, deep, intervening spaces irregularly large (Fig. 333). Majority of elytral setae minute, not surpassing midlength of corresponding puncture. Numerous large scale-like clavate setae arranged in several irregular longitudinal rows. Obtuse partially glossy hump near apex. Male pygidium covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, slightly impressed dorsally in anterior part, transversely humped medially, fl attened otherwise (Fig. 505). Punctures of pygidium rather deep and dense, circular to ovoid, intervening spaces (when exposed from under velvety pubescence) glossy. Setae of pygidium scale-like, mostly not surpassing length of corresponding punctures, with several much larger clavate erect scales in central part. All scales pointing obliquely to middle. Female pygidium with generally larger scale-like setae than male (Fig. 506). Male pygidium sometimes with transverse row of scale-like setae, is / is not interrupted medially. Protibia narrow, delicately crenulate along external margin. Distal teeth virtually not present: remnants of two inconspicuous ones can be tracked (Fig. 406). Male protibial terminal spur curved. Male metatibial terminal spurs strongly unequal, the curved lower one about twice as long as straight upper one. Male tarsal claws with pulvilli. Aedeagus as in Figs 685-687.

Description
Male labroclypeus (Fig. 164) broadly emarginate on anterior margin, female labroclypeus shallowly emarginate. Male anterolateral angles of labroclypeus rounded, strongly protruding, female one broadly obtuse, not protruding (Fig. 164). Lateral margin of labroclypeus sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Punctures of frons circular to ovoid, variably large, shallow, those on vertex annular. Long suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture. Pronotum broadly emarginate on anterior margin, anterolateral angles protruding. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view broadly rounded, all along with large deep punctures splitting margin into indistinct long and fl at crenulae (Fig. 244). Long erect seta present in each puncture between two crenulae. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low arched carina, with long setae on anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket shallow. Pronotal punctures large, shallow, ovoid, those along lateral sides annular. Intervening spaces glossy, smaller to much smaller than punctures. Pronotal punctures in part with inner margin with delicate membrane covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Pronotal setae minute, seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing its midlength. Elytral punctures circular to ovoid, in part annular, shallow, arranged in double longitudinal rows (Fig. 334). Intervening spaces glossy, generally larger than punctures. Elytral setae minute, surface looks glabrous under 50 × magnifi cation; minute seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing midlength of corresponding puncture. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large shallow annular punctures. Intervening spaces variably large, generally smaller than punctures. Setae of pygidium sparse, long, suberect. Male and female protibia widened distally, with three distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 407). Male terminal spur of protibia short. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 556. Aedeagus as in Figs 688-690.

Sexual dimorphism
Female lamellae of antennal club considerably shorter; terminal spur of protibia distinctly longer. Lansberge, 1886 Figs 73, 162, 245, 276, 335, 408, 509, 691-693  Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown, labroclypeus, antennae and legs brown. Male (Fig. 162) and female labroclypeus shallowly emarginate to subtruncate on anterior margin, its lateral margins nearly straight to slightly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus obtuse, rounded, not protruding anteriad. Frons convex dorsally. Head punctures ovoid to irregularly hexagonal, very deep and dense, fi lled with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, generally much smaller than punctures. Head setae suberect to erect, moderately dense, much longer on frons than on anterior part of head; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Pronotum strongly transverse, sinuous on anterior margin, with slightly protruding anterolateral angles. Basal margin of pronotum very broadly rounded to subtruncate. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded, crenulate all along (Fig. 245). Long erect apically slightly curved seta present between every two crenulae. Maximum width of pronotum postmedially. Pronotal punctures ovoid, very deep and dense, fi lled with microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, much smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Setae of pronotum generally shorter than those on head, erect, apically curved; wide median prebasal area glabrous. Hypomeron broadly emarginate and very long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like (Fig. 276). Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron with tracks of three fl at glabrous longitudinal carinae; sutural carina not indicated. Elytral punctures elongate ovoid and narrow, deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy, generally larger than punctures, in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Elytral setae suberect to erect, variably long. All setae rise from anterior margin of corresponding punctures, shorter ones about their length, longer ones much longer and arranged in longitudinal rows along tracks of elytral carinae. Male pygidium slightly convex dorsally, partly covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, with moderately large dense circular punctures and variably large intervening spaces (Fig. 509). Female pygidium with rather large obtuse median impression at posterior margin. Setae of pygidium suberect to erect, moderately long. Male and female protibia widened distally, with two obtuse distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 408). Distal margin of metatibia in both sexes with projection over basal metatarsomere. Male protibial terminal spur strongly curved, female one straight and pointed. Male lower meso-and metatibial terminal spur strongly curved, not rounded apically. Male basal metatarsomere widened and dorso-ventrally fl attened. All claws with pulvilli in both sexes. Aedeagus as in Figs 691-693.

Sexual dimorphism
Lamellae of female antennal club shorter; terminal spur of protibia straight and pointed; basal metatarsomere moderately widened and fl attened; pygidium humped medially; lower meso-and metatibial terminal spur not curved. (Frey, 1969) comb. nov. Figs 74, 166-167, 246, 277, 337-338, 409, 510, 557, 694-696 Paramaechidius perlatus Frey, 1969: 507. Dorsum uniformly black to black-brown with castaneous brown labroclypeus, mouthparts and antennae. Entire dorsum covered with dirty yellowish dense microscopical fur-like velvety pubescence (Fig. 338), surface structure therefore almost completely hidden. Head transverse, opaque dorsally and ventrally, convex between eyes. Compound eye large, occupying about half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 166) deeply and broadly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views, male anterolateral angles strongly protruding, acute in dorsal view, bent up at ~90° to frons in lateral view. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 167) with broad anterior emargination, its anterolateral angles broadly rounded and not protruding, sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Dorsal punctures of irregular ovoid shape, very deep. Intervening spaces generally distinctly larger than punctures. Dirty-yellow suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture; setae vary in size and shape from longer than to not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Antenna in both sexes 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Antennomere 2 transverse. Pronotum anterior margin broadly emarginate. Basal margin of pronotum obtusely angulate medially. Lateral margin of pronotum widened towards obtuse postmedian angulation and afterwards broadly emarginate before base (Fig. 246). Lateral margin somewhat fl attened and   comb. nov., holotype, ♂ (NHMB). 75. Same, ♂ (SMNS). 76. M. popei  comb. nov., holotype, ♀ (BMNH). 77. Same, paratype, ♂ (BMNH). Not to scale. expanded laterally, delicately crenulate all along -a scale-like appressed seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Punctures deep, of irregular ovoid shape, on disc generally larger than those on head, near lateral margins small. Intervening spaces variably large, generally larger than punctures. Setae scale-like, longer on anterior margin facing frons and at posterolateral angles, but medially generally short and not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Conspicuous rather short appressed brush of clustered setae rises from each puncture along lateral margins of pronotum. Hypomeron emarginate and very long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like (Fig. 277), covered by fur-like pubescence. Antennal pocket deep. Median anterior process of prosternum long brushy setose, short, slightly raised. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytra with maximum width across midlength, with distinct humeri. Tracks of four convex longitudinal carinae on each elytron (including sutural one) formed by irregular large glossy glabrous humps. Remnants of sutural carinae indicated by more delicate humps. Punctures of disc of irregular oblong shape, deep, generally smaller than those on forebody (Fig. 337). Entire elytral surface covered with velvety furlike setae (Fig. 338). Ordinary setae scale-like, moderately long, suberect, arranged in irregular paired longitudinal rows (Fig. 74). Each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Pygidium in both sexes slightly convex, deeply irregularly oblong-shaped punctate, intervening spaces covered with fur-like pubescence (Fig. 510). Setae elongate clavate, rather long, suberect. Venter covered with sparse small shallow punctures, each provided with a very short seta, in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Legs long and slender. Male protibia nearly straight on external margin, with complete dorsal carina. Two small obtuse distal teeth on protibia in both sexes (Fig. 409). Male protibial terminal spur large, curved, female one shorter and straight. Male metatibial terminal spurs paired, almost equally long, subacute, lower one curved; female ones shorter, nearly straight, obtuse. Tarsal claws with pulvilli in both sexes. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 557. Male aedeagus as in Figs 694-696.

Description
Dorsum is partly covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 169) broadly emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Male labroclypeus as in Fig. 170. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus obtuse, somewhat protruding. Head punctures ovoid, deep. Intervening spaces variably large. Inconspicuous appressed to suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, surpassing its length. Pronotum broadly emarginate on anterior margin, basal margin slightly sinuous. Anterolateral angles of pronotum obtuse, slightly protruding. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view gradually widened in anterior half, shallowly emarginate postmedially, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 247). An inconspicuous scale-like seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron sparsely circularly punctured, shallowly emarginate opposite to compound eye (to receive canthus separating compound eye), covered with long setae (Fig. 278). Antennal pocket deep. Pronotal punctures generally larger than those on head, of irregular shape, deep. Intervening spaces variably large, in part subopaque. Pronotal setae longer and stronger scale-like along lateral margins, slender and shorter along median part of disc. Elytral punctures irregular in shape, deep, somewhat irregularly clustered (Fig. 336) and generally smaller than those on pronotum. Intervening spaces generally larger than punctures, in part microscopically wrinkled. Setae scale-like, appressed, generally short and not surpassing length of corresponding punctures with some longer suberect setae scattered over elytral disc. Female protibia with nearly complete obtuse longitudinal carina, with two distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 410). Female pygidium with circular to ovoid moderately deep punctures, intervening spaces glossy and variably large; with largely unpunctured median longitudinal area. Setae of pygidium inconspicuous, suberect, sparse, arise from anterior margin of corresponding punctures, surpassing its length. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 558. Aedeagus as in Figs 697-699.

Differential diagnosis
This new species is primarily peculiar in the shape of the male parameres.
Body uniformly pale brown. Head glossy dorsally and ventrally, frons fl attened dorsally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 165) broadly deeply emarginate on anterior margin, its anterolateral angles rounded, strongly protruding. Lateral margins of labroclypeus sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views, raised up at angle of nearly 80° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Head dorsal punctures circular, in part annular. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Head setae scale-like, elongate, appressed; each seta rises from anterior margin of puncture, generally longer to much longer than length of corresponding puncture. Three extraordinarily long erect setae along inner margin of either compound eye and additional one on either canthus. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum sinuous, anterolateral angles protruding anteriad, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view broadly rounded, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 248). Long erect, more or less strongly curved seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Pronotal punctures circular to ovoid, variably large, dense and shallow; inner margin of punctures with delicate membrane. Intervening spaces glossy, in part microreticulate, generally as large as punctures except near lateral margins where punctures are denser. Setae similar to those on frons. Lateral margin, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low nearly straight carina, with long setae on anterolateral margin opposite of compound eye. Antennal pocket shallow. Median anterior process of prosternum long brushy setose, short, strongly raised. Scutellar shield pointed apically. Elytron subopaque, with vague tracks of two glabrous longitudinal carinae. Sutural striae or carinae not present. Punctures of elytral disc linear (long and narrow), incision-shaped (Fig. 339). Intervening spaces opaque to subopaque, microscopically wrinkled, much larger than incisions. Elytral setae appressed, not surpassing length of corresponding incisions. Male pygidium slightly convex dorsally, with large and shallow annular punctures which are denser in median part (Fig. 513). Setae of pygidium suberect, moderately long in anterior, longer in apical half. Male protibia modifi ed on inner margin, concave predistally. Male protibia with three distal teeth on external margin, median and distal ones rather acute (Fig. 411). Male terminal protibial spur absent. Aedeagus as in Figs 700-702.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in lowland rainforests.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from Yapen Island, Cenderawasih Bay of New Guinea. Moser, 1920 Figs 79, 172-173, 249, 279, 340, 412, 514, 559, 703-705   The lectotype is designated in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.

Description
MEASUREMENTS. 6.90 mm (lectotype) to 9.00 mm (the largest female from Ohu village) Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown, labroclypeus, antennae and legs paler castaneous. Head subopaque, fl attened dorsally. Male (Fig. 173) and female labroclypeus very broadly V-shaped emarginate anteriorly (in female in some cases anterior emargination very shallow, Fig. 172), its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles broadly rounded, in male moderately strongly protruding antero-laterally, in female not or hardly protruding. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Punctures of frons irregularly ovoid, large and coarse, moderately deep, their backgrounds shagreened. Intervening spaces microreticulate, smaller than punctures. Head setae dirty yellowish, long to extraordinarily long, suberect, directed posteriad. Longest setae on canthus (one single) and along inner margin of either compound eye. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Antennomere 2 short, in male slightly longer than wide, in female about as long as wide. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum rather shallowly emarginate with slightly protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin very broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum rounded, stronger constricted anteriad than towards base, crenulate all along (Fig. 249). Extraordinarily long curved erect seta present between every two crenulae, at least as long as longitudinal diameter of compound eye in fresh specimens. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly arched in lateral view. Punctures of pronotal disc large and coarse, irregularly circular to ovoid, dense. Intervening spaces in part fl at and microreticulate, in part broad and globose, glossy, variably large. Hypomeron nearly fused to prosternum, carina not present or very inconspicuous, place of fusion provided with a row of delicate whitish setae; moderately long setae on anterolateral margin of hypomeron opposite of compound eye (Fig. 279). Setation as on head, generally whitish. Scutellar shield rounded apically. Elytron subopaque, without tracks of longitudinal carinae. Punctures of elytral disc double. Ordinary punctures of disc large, shallow and rather dense, irregular in size and shape. Each ordinary puncture supplemented with a shallow linear (narrow and long) incisionshaped puncture (Fig. 340). Intervening spaces in part microreticulate, in part glossy, generally larger than ordinary punctures. Elytral setae moderately long, appressed to suberect. Lateral margin of elytra with extraordinarily long erect setae. Male and female pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large shallow annular punctures (Fig. 514). Intervening spaces microreticulate, subopaque. Setae of pygidium very long, suberect; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture. Protibia rather slender, with two large distal external teeth and much smaller stronger obtuse third one (median on protibia) (Fig. 412); distal tooth in male lobe-like prolonged anteriad. Protibial terminal spur not present in both sexes. Distal margin of metatibia in both sexes with projection over basal metatarsomere. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 559. Aedeagus as in Figs 703-705.

Sexual dimorphism
Female lamellae of antennal club comparatively shorter; female labroclypeus comparatively shallower emarginate anteriorly; female distal external tooth of protibia less strongly prolonged. Heller, 1914 Figs 80, 171, 250, 341, 413, 515, 560, 706-708 Heller (1914: 628) likely based his description of M. seriegranosus on a single specimen -although not explicitly stated. The single SNSD specimen labelled "Typus!" is herewith designated as lectotype in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.
Dorsum and venter uniformly dark brown, appendages paler brown. Head convex dorsally between compound eyes, with inconspicuous transverse impression at front margin of either eye, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 171) deeply U-shaped emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles rounded, strongly protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 80-90° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Underside of labroclypeus with sparse long delicate setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus strongly obtusely angulate in dorsal view. Punctures of frons irregularly hexagonal, in part annular, moderately large and deep. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Head setae minute, appressed; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture not surpassing its length. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, glossy dorsally, opaque laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with strongly protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin sinuous. Lateral margin of pronotum very broadly rounded in dorsal view, crenulate all along except denticulate prebasal area; lateral margin with 13-15 crenulae / denticles. Inconspicuous suberect seta present between every two crenulae (Fig. 250). Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Pronotal punctures irregularly ovoid to hexagonal, annular, dense, moderately deep. Intervening spaces glossy, fl at. Setation as on head. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by moderately high nearly straight carina, with long setae on anterolateral margin opposite of compound eye. Antennal pocket moderately deep. Scutellar shield rounded apically. Elytron subopaque, with vague tracks of three longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Elytral punctures sinuous (elongate and narrow), incision-shaped, shallow (Fig. 341). Intervening spaces wrinkled. Appressed to suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing length of corresponding incision. Lateral margins of elytra in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Male and female pygidium fl attened dorsally, opaque, with large shallow annular punctures (Fig. 515). Intervening spaces microreticulate, much smaller than punctures. Setae of pygidium suberect, surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Male protibia widened distally, with three external teeth, median one largest (Fig. 413). Male protibial terminal spur narrow. Male metatibia distally with a brush of dense long sinuous setae. Male metatibial terminal spurs long, unequal, lower spur slightly curved. Male basal metatarsomere with a brush of dense long sinuous setae on inner margin. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 560. Aedeagus as in Figs 706-708.

Sexual dimorphism
Female lamellae of antennal club shorter; female pygidium with inconspicuous preapical dorsal impression. Moser, 1920 Figs 81, 174, 251, 280, 342, 414, 522 Type material  Moser (1920: 16) based his description of M. seriepunctatus on an unstated number of specimens. The single ZMHB syntype is therefore designated as lectotype in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future.
Dorsum and venter uniformly castaneous brown. Frons convex dorsally between compound eyes, subopaque dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 174) broadly shallowly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles rounded, slightly protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 95° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse moderately long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Punctures of frons ovoid, moderately large, rather fl at. Intervening spaces microreticulate, variably large. Head setae scale-like, appressed to suberect, those along internal margin of compound eye surpassing length of corresponding punctures, those on labroclypeus, most of frons and vertex minute, rising from anterior margin of corresponding punctures, not surpassing their length. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 251). Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Short thickened suberect seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margins, antero-and posterolateral angles completely covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron emarginate and long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like (Fig. 280). Antennal pocket deep. Pronotal punctures ovoid, deep and dense, intervening spaces glossy, larger than punctures on anterior half, smaller than those on posterior half of disc. Setae minute, arise from anterior margin of corresponding punctures, not surpassing length of punctures. Scutellar shield rounded apically. Elytron subopaque, without tracks of longitudinal carinae. Elytral punctures elongate, dense and deep, arranged in irregular longitudinal rows (Fig. 342). Intervening spaces glossy, generally smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Elytral setae inconspicuous, scale-like, appressed; seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, generally not surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Some longer scale-like clavate scattered over disc and especially abundant along lateral sides. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, very vaguely medially longitudinally impressed, with dense rather deep ovoid punctures (Fig. 522). Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Setae of pygidium scale-like, in part clavate, sparse, suberect, those on distal half longer than corresponding punctures. Male protibia widened distally, with two obtuse external teeth (Fig. 414). Male protibial terminal spur straight. Male metatibial terminal spurs long, subequal, pointed. Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in male only?).

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Differential diagnosis
This species is generally close to Maechidius subcostatus Heller, 1895, but readily differs primarily in the shape of the male aedeagus. The aedeagus of M. similis sp. nov. is similar to that in M. hirtipes Arrow, 1941 (cf. Figs 620-622, 708-711), but specifi cally different in the dorsal and lateral aspects, with a broader dorsal opening of the parameres with their lateral and posterior margins somewhat raised and visible in lateral view.

Etymology
Named from the Latin 'similis' (meaning 'similar'), because of the similarity in external morphology to Maechidius subcostatus. Dorsum uniformly black-brown, venter and appendages brown. Head fl attened dorsally between compound eyes, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 175) deeply and broadly V-shaped emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles acute, apically rounded, strongly protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 90° to frons in lateral view. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 176) with much less protruding anterolateral angles. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Punctures of frons irregularly hexagonal, variably large, deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy, much smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Head setae inconspicuous, appressed to suberect, not or hardly surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, glossy to subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin broadly emarginate with slightly protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin in dorsal view slightly gradually widened towards middle, deeply emarginate in basal third, crenulate in anterior half (crenulae acute angulate at area of emargination), irregularly rugulose in emargination area. Lateral margin of pronotum arched in lateral view. Inconspicuous erect seta present between every two crenulae (Fig. 252). Hypomeron separated from prosternum by moderately high nearly straight carina which is obtusely angulate medially, with long setae on its anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket moderately deep. Punctures of pronotal disc irregularly hexagonal, large and coarse, deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy, distinctly smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Pronotal setae inconspicuous; seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron opaque, with tracks of 3-4 variously broadly interrupted glabrous longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Elytral punctures linear (elongate and narrow), incision-shaped, moderately deep. Intervening spaces densely microreticulate. Appressed to suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each incision, not surpassing length of corresponding incision (Fig. 343). Slightly longer setae present along remnants of longitudinal carinae. Male and female pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large shallow dense irregularly circular punctures. Intervening spaces microreticulate, much smaller than punctures. Male and female pygidium fl attened dorsally, opaque, with dense large and shallow annular punctures (Fig. 516). Setae of pygidium inconspicuous, short and suberect, in anterior slightly, in distal part distinctly surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Protibia slender, with three external teeth: two distal acute and rather large, basal one situated close to midlength of protibia very inconspicuous (Fig. 415). Male protibial terminal spur long and straight, female one longer and stouter. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Aedeagus as in Figs 709-711.

Sexual dimorphism
Female generally more robust, with comparatively shorter antennal lamellae, longer protibial terminal spur and apically rounded (not pointed) metatibial terminal spurs.

Ecology
Occurs at altitudes of 1080-1520 m.

Description
Body brown, antennae and legs reddish-castaneous. Male labroclypeus subtruncate, its lateral margins slightly sinuous in dorsal view. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus broadly rounded, not protruding (Fig. 167). Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Head punctures circular to irregularly ovoid, moderately deep, dense. Head setae short, scale-like, suberect, surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Pronotum broadly emarginate on anterior margin, basal margin slightly sinuous. Anterolateral angles rounded, slightly protruding. Lateral margin in dorsal view gradually widens towards obtuse postmedian angulation; constricted towards base from this point, delicately crenulate all along. Inconspicuous appressed scale-like seta present between every two crenulae. Pronotal punctures larger and deeper than those on head, in part annular. Intervening spaces subopaque, variably large, generally larger than punctures. Setation similar to on head, slightly longer. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron with two rather broad fl at glabrous longitudinal carinae and less distinct sutural carina. Preapical hump of elytron large but fl at, somewhat Г-shaped (Fig. 84). Elytral punctures sparse, moderately deep, irregularly ovoid. Intervening spaces subopaque, distinctly larger than punctures. Elytral setae inconspicuous, suberect; seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not or hardly surpassing its length. Male pygidium with long erect setae in apical part. Male protibia with nearly complete dorsal longitudinal furrow, with two large rounded distal teeth on external margin; distal tooth lobe-like prolonged anteriad. Male terminal protibial spur straight, long and acute. Male meso-and metatibia with interrupted median transverse carina.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Remark
This species' male genital organs were not studied.

Etymology
Patronymic. The new species is named after its fi rst collector, André Skale (Gera, Germany), a wellknown coleopterist, respected colleague and my friend. Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown with brown labroclypeus, antennae and legs. Head transverse, convex dorsally between eyes, subopaque dorsally and ventrally, with large not prominent eyes occupying less than half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 177) subtruncate on anterior margin, with lateral margins smooth, slightly sinuous in dorsal and nearly straight in lateral view. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus not protruding anteriad, strongly rounded. Head punctures irregularly ovoid, deep and dense, fi lled with dense microscopical velvety pubescence. Intervening spaces glossy, generally smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Head setae dirty yellowish, moderately long and suberect; each seta rises from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, surpassing its length. Labroclypeus laterally and frontally with more delicate long sparse setae. Three longest setae present near eyes. Male antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape moderately large, bulbous dorsally in distal half, provided with few long erect setae on posterior and distal margins. Antennomere 2 short, slightly transverse. Pronotum transverse, subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (slightly) protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margins of pronotum broadly rounded with maximum width posterior to midlength, crenulate all along (Fig. 253). Long curved erect scale-like seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Pronotal punctures ovoid, deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, much smaller than punctures. Setae similar to those on head, stronger curved and in part clavate. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles partly covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Hypomeron smooth, sparsely covered by circular punctures, fl ange-like, with large emargination opposite to eye (to receive canthus separating compound eye) provided with long setae. Antennal pocket deep. Scutellar shield rounded apically. Elytra cylindrical, maximum width in median third, subopaque, with rounded humeri and slightly elevated omoplates. Indistinct tracks of three fl at longitudinal carinae on each elytron, including sutural one. Disc and lateral sides of elytra irregularly densely punctured, punctures deep, of irregular size and shape (Fig. 344). Perimeter of each puncture covered with microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 344). Intervening spaces glossy, generally smaller than punctures. Setae of two kinds on elytral disc. Long erect, in part clavate setae arranged in irregular longitudinal rows on each elytron. Inconspicuous short setae rising from anterior margin of corresponding punctures and not surpassing their length, positioned between longitudinal rows of longer setae. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, with moderately deep punctures and microreticulate intervening spaces of variable size (Fig. 517). Setae of pygidium suberect, moderately long, sparse. Male protibia with two strong distal teeth on external margin (Fig. 416). Male lower meso-and metatibial terminal spur strongly curved. Distal margin of male metatibia with projection over basal metatarsomere. Male basal metatarsomere widened and dorso-ventrally fl attened (Fig. 446). Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in males only?). Male aedeagus as in Figs 712-714.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in lowland rainforests.

Distribution
Hitherto known from Central and South Sulawesi.
Maechidius sougb sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C8545020-E5E7-4EAA- 178,255,345,417,518,[715][716][717] Differential diagnosis This is one of the largest Maechidius in the Papuan Region. It is distinguishable among all its Papuan congeners with an (almost) glabrous dorsum and bidentate protibiae primarily in the shape of the male genital organs, the 8-segmented antennae, the strongly protruding anterolateral angles of the male labroclypeus (which, in addition, is deeply emarginate anteriorly) in combination with rather delicate punctures on the pronotum and elytra. The most similar species, M. obiensis  comb. nov., is generally smaller (body length under 7 mm), male metatibia thickened and somewhat curved on inner margin and with differently shaped aedeagus Maechidius pedarioides Arrow, 1941 (Raja Ampat Islands: Waigeo), has tridentate protibiae and stronger dorsal punctures, as well as less protruding anterolateral angles of the male labroclypeus.

Etymology
Named after Sougb, the local name of one of the main tribes and languages in the Anggi Lakes area of the Arfak Mountains. Sougb has the alternative names of Soug and Mantion, but is listed as Manikion by Simons & Fennig (2018). Noun in apposition.
Dorsum and venter uniformly dark castaneous with labroclypeus, mouthparts and legs somewhat paler reddish brown. Head transverse, glossy dorsally and ventrally, with large slightly prominent compound eyes occupying about half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 178) with deep and broad U-shaped emargination, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles large, acute angulate and raised up at angle of nearly 60-70° to axis of frons in lateral view. Anterior margin of labroclypeus smooth. Punctures of head irregularly circular, shallow, in part annular, larger in posterior part. Intervening spaces glossy, smaller than to as large as punctures. Pubescence yellowish, sparse, generally appressed and directed posteriad; seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Setae between compound eyes distinctly longer than those on forehead. Male antenna 8-segmented, antennal club 3-segmented. Scape large, with bulbous denticle-like predistal projection on upper side, provided with few long erect setae on its posterior and two very long on distal margin. Antennomere 2 strongly widened distally but not transverse. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (slightly) protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum very broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum almost straight in anterior half, gradually widened towards median part, rounded in basal half and shortly emarginate just in front of posterolateral angles (Fig. 255). All along with well-defi ned crenulae which becomes protruding and denticle-like near prebasal emargination. Long erect seta present between each pair of lateral crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum straight in lateral view. Pronotal punctures irregularly circular, rather small and shallow. Intervening spaces glossy, generally as large as to twice as large as punctures. Pronotal setae inconspicuous and short; seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, slightly surpassing its length (pronotum looks glabrous). Hypomeron nearly straight, separated from prosternum by low slightly arched carina, with long setae on its anterolateral margin. Antennal pocket shallow. Scutellar shield narrowly triangular, rounded apically. Elytra slightly rounded laterally, maximum width across median third, glossy and fl attened dorsally, with rounded humeri. Inconspicuous obtuse hump on each elytron near apex. No tracks of longitudinal carinae and no sutural carinae present. Each elytron between suture and humerus with 5 paired rows of delicate circular shallow punctures (some rows partly confused). Lateral sides of elytra more confusedly punctate (Fig. 345). Intervening spaces between punctures in rows larger than punctures, between rows about 3-4 × as large as punctures. Elytral setae minute; seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, reaches posterior margin or shortly surpassing its length. Lateral margin of elytra with moderately long suberect setae. Male pygidium (Fig. 518) and abdominal ventrites densely covered with large shallow annular punctures, each provided with suberect moderately long seta. Abdominal ventrites with no track of lateral longitudinal ridge. Legs long and slender, femora and tibiae covered with long erect setae arranged in 5 lines. Protibiae hardly sinuous on external margin. Protibiae with delicate carina on dorsal surface. Two large obtuse teeth on external margin of male protibia: distal one narrower, basal one broader and more obtuse (Fig. 417). Male protibial terminal spur absent. Tarsal claws with large pulvilli (in males only?). Male aedeagus as in Figs 715-717.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Ecology
Occurs in primary mid-montane rainforests at ~2200 m altitude. Possibly nocturnal.

Description
Dorsum and venter covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 179) broadly rounded on anterior margin, its anterolateral angles acute and protruding. Female labroclypeus ( Fig. 180) with less acute anterolateral angles. Head punctures ovoid, rather deep and dense. Head setae scale-like, dense, suberect, moderately long, in part clavate. Some setae not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Pronotum broadly emarginate on anterior margin with protruding anterolateral angles. Basal margin of pronotum slightly sinuous. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view very broadly rounded in anterior half, shallowly emarginate postmedially towards base (Fig. 256). Hypomeron slightly emarginate and long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like protruding, shallowly emarginate and long setose opposite compound eye (Fig. 281). Antennal pocket deep. Pronotal punctures of irregular oblong shape, deep, intervening spaces generally larger than punctures. Pronotal setae scale-like, dense, suberect, in part minute and not surpassing length of corresponding punctures, in part (in particular, along lateral margins and on anterior margin opposing frons) long and clavate. Elytral punctures irregular in shape, deep, somewhat irregularly clustered (Fig. 346) and generally smaller than those on pronotum. Setae between puncture clusters longer, scale-like, stronger erect, arranged in several irregular longitudinal rows. Setae in puncture clusters minute, not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Male and female pygidium with deep irregularly shaped punctures. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large. Male pygidium with two fl at latero-median humps (humps very inconspicuous in some specimens), with group of large long dense scale-like setae (can be strongly reduced in some specimens) pointing obliquely to middle or posteriad (Figs 519-520). Female pygidium with two latero-median humps and transverse row of long scale-like whitish setae pointing obliquely medially (Fig. 521). Male and female protibia with two rather acute terminal teeth on external margin (Fig. 418). Male terminal protibial spur curved, female one straight and pointed. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 562. Male aedeagus as in Figs 718-720.

Description
Dorsum and venter uniformly black, edges of labroclypeus, lateral margins of pronotum, legs and antennae brown. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 181) broadly emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus obtuse, slightly protruding. Canthus nearly straight in dorsal view. Head punctures irregularly hexagonal, dense, moderately deep. Intervening spaces glossy, in part wrinkled. At least areas around either compound eye covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Head setae minute, rise from anterior margin of corresponding punctures, not surpassing its length. Pronotum sinuous on anterior margin, anterolateral angles slightly protruding. Basal margin of pronotum somewhat obtuse angulate medially. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view broadly rounded, gradually constricted postmedially towards base, crenulate all along (Fig. 254). Inconspicuous appressed scale-like seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron slightly emarginate and long setose on anterior margin which is fl ange-like protruding. Antennal pocket deep. Pronotal punctures irregularly ovoid, very deep, dense, arranged in different directions. Intervening spaces glossy, in part wrinkled, variably large. Lateral margins, antero-and posterolateral angles completely covered with delicate microscopical velvety pubescence. Pronotal setae similar to those on head. Elytra cylindrical, subopaque. Elytral punctures ovoid, deep and dense, arranged irregularly (Fig. 347). Intervening spaces in part subopaque, in part glossy, wrinkled, generally smaller than punctures. Elytral setae minute, rise from anterior margin of corresponding puncture, not surpassing its midlength. With few longer scale-like suberect clavate setae scattered over elytral disc; punctures bearing those longer setae partly or completely encircled with microscopical velvety pubescence (Fig. 347). Male abdominal sternites medially with somewhat longer and curved scale-like setae. Posterior margin of male abdominal sternites 2 and 3 each with bunch of three long setae on either side near middle (Fig. 433). Male pygidium with ovoid deep moderately large punctures (Fig. 523). Intervening spaces glossy to subopaque, generally larger than punctures. Setae of pygidium minute on anterior part (not surpassing length of corresponding punctures), longer on median and posterior parts (hardly surpassing length of corresponding punctures), becoming suberect and longer along distal margin. Surface of pygidium perimeter and narrow longitudinal midline covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. External margin of male protibia arched, with single acute distal tooth on external margin (Fig. 419). Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 563. Aedeagus as in Figs 721-723.

Remarks
Heller (1895: 1) based his description of M. subcostatus on an unstated number of specimens. The single SNSD specimen labelled "Typus" is herewith designated as the lectotype and the specimen with the identical locality label becomes a paralectotype. Two ZMHB syntypes also become paralectotypes. A lectotype is designated in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other syntypes are discovered in the future. Additional SNSD specimens with slightly different labels are not considered syntypes since they have different ID numbers from the lectotype.
Dorsum uniformly black-brown, venter and appendages brown. Head convex dorsally between compound eyes, opaque dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 182) broadly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Female labroclypeus similar to as in male (Fig. 183). Anterolateral angles rounded, moderately strongly protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 90° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse inconspicuous setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus broadly rounded to obtusely angulate in dorsal view. Punctures of frons irregularly hexagonal, large, dense and shallow. Intervening spaces smooth, much smaller than punctures. Head setae very short, appressed to suberect, not or hardly surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, opaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate to slightly sinuous with protruding anterolateral angles, basal margin broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded in dorsal view, deeply emarginate in basal fourth, crenulate in anterior half, denticulate at lateral emargination, smooth to slightly crenulate in emargination area (Fig. 257). Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Inconspicuous erect seta present between every two crenulae or denticles. Punctures of pronotal disc large, horseshoeshaped, deep and dense. Intervening spaces glossy, distinctly smaller than punctures. Pronotal setae inconspicuous, seta not surpassing length of median 'bulb' of horseshoe-like puncture. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by high nearly straight carina, its anterolateral margin slightly angulate medially, with long setae on anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye (Fig. 282). Antennal pocket moderately deep. Scutellar shield narrowly rounded apically. Elytron opaque, with vague tracks of four variously broadly interrupted glabrous longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Elytral punctures linear (elongate and narrow), incision-shaped, moderately deep. Intervening spaces densely microreticulate (Fig. 348). Appressed to suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each incision, not surpassing length of corresponding incision. Disc and lateral margins of elytra in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Male abdomen with sparse clavate scale-like golden setae (Fig. 434). Male pygidium slightly convex dorsally, with large shallow dense annular punctures, female pygidium fl attened dorsally. Intervening spaces microreticulate, distinctly smaller than punctures. Male and female pygidium fl attened dorsally, opaque, with dense large and shallow annular punctures (Fig. 524). Setae of pygidium inconspicuous, short and suberect, in anterior part not, in distal part surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Male protibia slightly widened distally, with three external teeth: distal one largest and narrow, median broad and obtuse and basal much smaller, strongly obtuse (Fig. 420). Male protibial terminal spur short and straight, female one longer and stronger pointed. Male metatibial terminal spurs long, unequal, lower spur slightly curved, female one more strongly unequal and straight. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Underside of male basal metatarsomere with a brush of long dense setae. Aedeagus as in Figs 724-725.

Differential diagnosis
The new species is most similar to M. peregrinus Lansberge, 1886, M. babyrousa sp. nov., M. deltouri sp. nov. and M. legalovi sp. nov. (all from Sulawesi). This new species readily differs from them and other congeners only in the shape of the male genital organs and the labroclypeus.

Etymology
The name derives from Suwawa, one of the native languages spoken in the Bogani Nani Wartabone National park, northern Sulawesi. Noun in apposition. Description MEASUREMENTS (exposed abdominal ventrites not included). Male holotype, total body length 6.70 mm. Head 1.30 mm long, across eyes 1.60 mm wide. Pronotum 1.50 mm long, maximum width 2.60 mm. Elytral length 3.90 mm, maximum combined width 3.15 mm. Female paratype, total body length 6.70 mm. Head 1.20 mm long, across eyes 1.80 mm wide. Pronotum 1.80 mm long, maximum width 2.90 mm. Elytral length 4.70 mm, maximum combined width 3.50 mm.

Holotype
Dorsum uniformly brown with castaneous labroclypeus, mouthparts, legs and venter. Head transverse, trapezoid, slightly convex on vertex in lateral view, glossy dorsally and ventrally, with large not prominent compound eyes occupying more than half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 184) almost straight anteriorly, its lateral margins smooth, slightly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles shortly protruding anteriad, obtuse, bent up almost perpendicularly with regard to axis of frons (in lateral view). Female labroclypeus (Fig. 185) shallowly emarginate on anterior margin, with obtuse and not protruding anterolateral angles. Head punctures irregularly shaped, somewhat smaller in anterior, larger in posterior half. Intervening spaces glossy, smaller than punctures. Pubescence dirty yellow, rather long and erect but sparse, rising from each puncture. Setae somewhat hook-like curved apically, sparse, moderately long. Labroclypeus laterally and frontally with more delicate and shorter yellowish setae. Antenna 9-segmented. Scape large, widened on upper side in distal half, provided with few long erect setae on its posterior and distal margin. Antennomere 2 short and transverse. Club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (slightly) protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum evenly broadly rounded, delicately crenulate all along (Fig. 258), nearly straight in lateral view. Long erect seta present between each of lateral crenulae and all along basal margin. Pronotal punctures circular to ovoid, deep and coarse. Intervening spaces glossy, smaller than punctures, in part wrinkled. Pronotal setae long, suberect, clavate. Hypomeron smooth, sparse punctured with circular punctures, with large emargination opposite to compound eye (to receive canthus separating compound eye) covered with long setae. Antennal pocket deep. Scutellar shield triangular, pointed apically. Elytra cylindrical, maximum combined width across median third, glossy and slightly convex dorsally, with rounded humeri and elevated omoplates. Vague tracks of two fl at longitudinal carinae on each elytron. Sutural carinae shortly indicated near apices. Rather large obtuse hump on each elytron near apex. Disc and lateral sides of elytra densely punctured; punctures ovoid, less coarse and shallower than those of pronotum, arranged in irregular longitudinal rows (Fig. 349). Intervening spaces glossy, generally smaller than punctures. An inconspicuous erect to suberect scale-like seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, surpassing or not its length. Few longer stronger erect scale-like setae scattered over elytral disc and denser on lateral sides. Epipleuron with row or two (in broad anterior part) of suberect setae. Male and female pygidium with large shallow circular punctures (Fig. 525). Abdominal ventrites glossy, covered with small annular punctures, each provided with long suberect to erect seta. Legs long and slender, femora and tibiae covered with delicate yellowish setae. Outer margins of meso-and metatibiae densely denticulate. Two strong teeth on external margin of male protibia (Fig. 421). Male lower meso-and metatibial terminal spur strongly curved. Distal margin of metatibia in both sexes with projection over basal metatarsomere. Metatibial terminal spurs shorter than basal metatarsomere in male, nearly as long as it in female. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 564. Male aedeagus as in Figs 726-728.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is generally larger; protibial spur slightly curved distally in male, straight in female; metatibial spurs somewhat longer in female than in male; lower metatibial spur curved in male, straight in female; female pulvilli narrower and shorter than in male; female lower meso-and metatibial terminal spur slender, slightly curved apically.

Ecology
Occurs in lowland rainforests. Possibly nocturnal.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from North Sulawesi. Arrow, 1941 Figs 90, 186, 259, 350, 422, 435, 437, 526, 565, 730-732  Arrow (1941: 454) based his description of M. aenescens on a number of specimens, although not explicitly stated, and gives a range of sizes. The lectotype is designated in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other (non-conspecifi c) syntypes are discovered in the future.

Description
Dorsum and venter uniformly brown, margins of labroclypeus and legs somewhat paler. Head fl attened dorsally, shallowly impressed at either anterolateral angle of labroclypeus. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 186) broadly shallowly emarginate on anterior margin, its lateral margins strongly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus obtuse, slightly protruding. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Head punctures irregularly hexagonal, horseshoe-shaped on frons and vertex, very deep and dense. Intervening spaces much smaller than punctures, glossy on forehead, in part microreticulate on frons. Head setae inconspicuous, suberect, slightly surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Pronotum strongly transverse, subopaque dorsally and laterally, with shallow circular dorsal impression on either lateral third. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles protruding. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view in anterior half nearly straight to slightly widened towards middle, strongly emarginate in prebasal third, strongly crenulate all along except in emargination area (Fig. 259); intervals between crenulae deep and rather large. Inconspicuous erect short seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum arched in lateral view. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by moderately high nearly straight carina which is obtusely dentate medially, with long setae on anterolateral margin. Antennal pocket deep. Pronotal punctures irregularly hexagonal, very deep and dense, in part horseshoe-shaped. Intervening spaces much smaller than punctures, glossy to microreticulate. Pronotal setae inconspicuous, rise from anterior margin of each puncture; not or slightly surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Lateral and basal margins, antero-and posterolateral angles and hypomeron covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Scutellar shield covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, narrowly rounded apically. Elytra slightly widened postmedially, opaque dorsally. Elytron with elevated and broadly interrupted tracks of four longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Elytral punctures sinuous (elongate and narrow), incision-shaped, moderately deep and dense (Fig. 350) Heller, 1914, lectotype, ♀ (SNSD). Not to scale.
carinae. Elytral setae inconspicuous, suberect; each seta rises from anterior margin of each incision, not or slightly surpassing its length. Stronger erect not much longer setae present in irregular longitudinal rows along remnants of carinae. Abdominal sternites medially each with bunch of erect golden setae (Fig. 435). Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large dense shallow annular punctures (Fig. 526). Intervening spaces much smaller than punctures, densely microreticulate. Setae of pygidium sparse, suberect, surpassing length of corresponding punctures; each seta rises either from anterior margin or centre of corresponding puncture. Male protibia with three distal teeth on external margin, of which distal one prolonged and basal one inconspicuous and strongly obtuse (Fig. 422). Male basal metatarsomere leaf-like, fl at and slightly convex dorsally, with brush of long dense setae on either lateroventral margin (Fig. 437). Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 565. Aedeagus as in Figs 730-732.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Differential diagnosis
Among congeners with a brown body, Maechidius trivialis sp. nov. is the only one with a truncate male labroclypeus with anterolateral margins not protruding anteriad. The male aedeagus is different from that of any known congener.
Dorsum and venter brown, forebody with inconspicuous green lustre. Frons fl attened dorsally, head dorsum subopaque dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 187) truncate anteriorly and bent up, its lateral margins slightly sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views, anterolateral angles obtuse and not protruding anteriad. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Compound eye moderately large, not globose. Canthus broadly rounded in dorsal view. Head punctures irregularly circular, shallow, moderately dense. Intervening spaces with very delicate microreticulation, variably large. Pubescence inconspicuous, appressed; seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, hardly surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Canthus with several much longer and stronger erect setae. Male antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Antennomere 2 bulbous, trapezoid, slightly transverse. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, subopaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with anterolateral angles slightly protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum very broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view broadly rounded, crenulate all along; crenulae becoming more delicate towards base (Fig. 260). Moderately long curved seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum nearly straight in lateral view. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low straight carina, with moderately long setae on its anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye (Fig. 283). Antennal pocket shallow. Pronotal disc with shallow rather sparse circular to ovoid punctures, intervening spaces delicately microreticulate, variably large. Setae generally shorter than those on head, appressed, not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. With row of longer suberect setae along basal margin of pronotum. Scutellar shield triangular, pointed apically. Elytron cylindrical, glossy, without tracks of longitudinal carinae except for raised, rather broad sutural carina. Punctures of elytral disc double. Ordinary punctures of disc shallow, of irregular shape. Each ordinary puncture supplemented with shallow linear (narrow and long) incision-shaped puncture (Fig. 351). Elytral setae inconspicuous, appressed; seta arises from anterior margin of each incision, not surpassing its length. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large dense shallow annular punctures (Fig. 527). Intervening spaces glossy, smaller than punctures. Setae of pygidium rise from either anterior margin or centre of each puncture, in anterior half appressed and generally not surpassing length of corresponding punctures, in apical half distinctly longer, suberect. Male protibia with three external teeth: two very large acute distal and one very inconspicuous strongly obtuse basal (Fig. 423). Male protibial terminal spur not present. Male metataibial terminal spurs long, pointed and somewhat curved apically. Tarsi long and slender, slightly shorter than corresponding tibiae. Tarsal claws with pulvilli (in males only?). Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 566. Aedeagus as in Figs 733-735.

Sexual dimorphism
Female is unknown.

Distribution
Papuan Peninsula of New Guinea. 188,261,352,358,424,444,528 Differential diagnosis

Maechidius ursus
This is a very distinctive species among all congeners primarily due to the strongly bigibbose frons, the fl attened and enlarged lateral margins of the pronotum, the metatibia being smooth and glabrous on the inner surface but dense long setose on the external surface, the single long terminal spur of the metatibia, and the peculiar long fur-like setae. It is closest to Maechidius opatroides Arrow, 1941 comb. rest. from Waigeo Island (consider the new combination above), but in this species (of which only females are known) the clustered brush-like setae are much more slender, appressed and shorter, the lateral margin of the pronotum is evenly emarginate postmedially (not angulate), the sutural carina of the elytron is not indicated, the metatibia is less wide, the anterolateral angles of the labroclypeus are obtuse angulate and not protruding anteriad and the labroclypeus is generally wider than in M. ursus sp. nov.

Etymology
The specifi c name is derived from the Latin Ursus (bear), indicating the robust body and peculiar, dense, mammal-fur-like pubescence. Noun in apposition. Dorsum and venter covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, uniformly dark brown with reddish brown mouthparts, antennae and legs. Head slightly transverse, opaque dorsally and ventrally except for glossy labroclypeus, vaguely impressed on labroclypeus anterior to each compound eye and with paired strong obtuse hump between eyes. Compound eye large, occupying more than half side of head. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 188) broadly and moderately deep emarginate anteriorly, lateral margins nearly straight in dorsal, slightly sinuous in lateral view, anterolateral angles moderately protruding, acute in dorsal view, bent up at ~90° to frons in lateral view. Canthus straight in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Head punctures circular, moderately deep, variably large. Intervening spaces microreticulate and glabrous, variably large. Conspicuous rather long appressed to suberect brush of clustered setae rises from each puncture (Fig. 358). Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Antennomere 2 bulbous, subspherical, slightly longer than wide. Pronotum opaque dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (inconspicuously) protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum sinuous. Circular moderately deep impression on either side of pronotum opposite posterolateral angle. Lateral margin of pronotum strongly fl attened and expanded laterally, bent up with regard to axis of pronotal disc, evenly widened towards midlength, strongly emarginate postmedially towards nearly posterolateral angles (Fig. 261). Crenulae of lateral margin large, long erect scale-like seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum straight in lateral view. Pronotal punctures circular, moderately large and deep. Intervening spaces microreticulate and glabrous, generally larger than punctures, in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Setae as conspicuous as on head (Fig. 358), shorter and sparser on disc, much longer and denser on anterior part and along lateral sides. Hypomeron slightly emarginate and very long setose on anterior margin, which is well-projected and fl ange-like. Antennal pocket moderately deep. Median anterior process of prosternum long, narrow, fl ange-like raised. Scutellar shield obtusely pointed apically. Elytra slightly widened in median part, maximum width across median third, opaque dorsally, with distinct humeri. Distinct obtuse triangular hump at apex of each elytron. Two fl at longitudinal carinae on each elytron. Sutural carinae well developed, raised, nearly complete. Elytral disc with rather large deep cylindrical punctures which are irregular in apical half, becoming arranged in striae in apical third (Fig. 352). Intervening spaces microreticulate, covered with microscopical velvety pubescence, variably large but generally about as large as punctures. Setae inconspicuous, short and sparse, suberect seta rises from anterior part of each puncture. Epipleuron all along with conspicuous short brush-like setae. At apical margin with transverse brush of dense posteriad-directed brush-like setae, elytral apices therefore look fl attened and slightly prolonged (Fig. 92). Female pygidium dorsally impressed, regularly circular punctured, antero-medially with a group of dense brush-like setae (Fig. 528). Venter covered with sparse shallow circular punctures, each provided with appressed conspicuous brush-like seta. Legs long and slender. Protibia nearly straight (crenulate) on external margin, with delicate incomplete dorsal carina. Female protibia with obtuse distal tooth and rudimentary predistal one (Fig. 424). Protibial terminal spur long, nearly straight, obtuse. Female metatibia fl attened and glabrous on inner margin (Fig. 444). Metatibial terminal spur single, long, obtuse. Tarsal claws without pulvilli (in female only?).

Sexual dimorphism
Male unknown.

Ecology
Attracted to white light in river valley surrounded by primary lowland rainforest.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from Misool, Raja Ampat Islands, Indonesia. Heller, 1914 Figs 93, 189-190, 262, 284, 353, 425, 529-530, 736-738 Heller (1914: 628) based his description of M. vicinus on an unstated number of specimens. At least two specimens with nearly identical labels are allocated in SNSD. The lectotype here designated is the only syntype with Heller's original handwriting on a red label, which with some confi dence may indicate this specimen was originally selected by the author as holotype. The lectotype is designated in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other (non-conspecifi c) syntypes are discovered in the future. Additional SNSD specimens with slightly different labels (see Checklist) are not considered syntypes since  in the original description questioned the origin of the available specimens: "Hab. Nova Guinea (Germanica? …)" but additional specimens provided with labels exactly specifying that they coming from the former German New Guinea ("Deutsch N.Guinea").
Dorsum uniformly brown, forebody dorsally with very vague green lustre, venter and appendages paler brown. Head slightly convex dorsally between compound eyes, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 190) broadly V-shaped emarginate on anterior margin, female labroclypeus ( Fig. 189) subtruncate to very broadly emarginate, its lateral margins slightly sinuous (in male) to nearly straight (in female) in both dorsal and lateral views. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus obtuse, nearly right-angled and moderately strongly protruding anteriad in male, rounded and not projecting in female, raised up at angle of nearly 60-70° to frons in lateral view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse inconspicuous setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus obtuse angulate in dorsal view. Punctures of frons moderately deep and large, annular. Intervening spaces glossy, generally smaller than punctures. Head setae inconspicuous, suberect; each seta rises from anterior margin or centre of corresponding puncture, surpassing its length. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, glossy dorsally, subopaque laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum deeply emarginate with anterolateral angles protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum broadly rounded, delicately crenulate all along (intervals between crenulae narrow, crenulae nearly merged) (Fig. 262). Moderately long suberect curved seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum slightly sinuous in lateral view. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by moderately low slightly curved carina, with long setae on its anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye (Fig. 284). Antennal pocket moderately deep. Pronotal punctures ovoid, annular, shallow. Intervening spaces variably large, generally smaller than punctures. Setation as on head but setae longer and curved. Scutellar shield pointed apically. Elytron opaque, with tracks of three-four fl at almost entirely glabrous longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Elytral punctures linear (elongate and narrow), incision-shaped, shallow (Fig. 353). Intervening spaces densely microreticulate. Appressed to suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing length of corresponding incision. Disc and lateral margins of elytra in part covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, with large and shallow annular punctures (Fig. 530). Female pygidium fl attened dorsally, with small median hump (Fig. 529). Intervening spaces generally much smaller than punctures, subopaque. Setae of pygidium suberect, sparse. Protibia widened distally, with three acute external teeth (Fig. 425). Male protibial terminal spur straight, narrow and pointed, female one short and somewhat thickened. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Aedeagus as in Figs 736-738.

Sexual dimorphism
Female lamellae of antennal club shorter; female anterolateral angles of labroclypeus less strongly protruding anteriad.

Differential diagnosis
Differs from all congeners in the shape of the aedeagus and in the setation and structure of the pygidium.

Etymology
Patronymic. This species is named after Andreas Weigel (Wernburg, Germany), a famous expert on oldworld Cerambycidae and my good friend. With general features of the pauxillus group. Dorsal surface opaque except on anterior margin of labroclypeus. Frons with paired hump. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 191) broadly rather deeply emarginate on anterior margin. Anterolateral angles of labroclypeus acute in male, strongly protruding, raised up at angle of nearly 90° to frons in lateral view (Fig. 6). Female labroclypeus with comparatively less acute anterolateral angles (Fig. 192). Lateral margins of labroclypeus slightly sinuous in dorsal, but strongly in lateral view. Head dorsum except on anterior margin of labroclypeus covered with microscopic velvety pubescence. Head punctures elongate, very deep, moderately dense. Head with moderately long, appressed scale-like setae. Setae becoming distinctly longer, suberect to erect and stronger clavate on humps of frons . Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, slightly sinuous on anterior margin with protruding anterolateral angles. Basal margin broadly rounded, posterolateral angles right-angled. Lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view almost straight to gradually widened towards middle, moderately strongly emarginate postmedially, crenulate all along (Fig. 263). Lateral margin of pronotum sinuous in lateral view. Two fl at humps on anterior margin opposite to those on frons (Fig. 263). Pronotal punctures ovoid, variably large, very deep, dense. Pronotal dorsum and hypomeron covered with microscopic velvety pubescence. Pronotal setae minute, rise from anterior margin of each puncture, generally not surpassing midlength of corresponding puncture. Few slightly longer scale-like setae scattered over pronotal disc, not surpassing length of corresponding punctures. Posterolateral angles of pronotum with moderately long scale-like clavate setae. Setae on pronotal humps also long, erect, scale-like and clavate. Small group of large appressed setae on either side of pronotum along postmedian emargination. Hypomeron fl ange-like produced, slightly emarginate and very long setose opposite to compound eye. Antennal pocket deep. Scutellar shield rounded apically. Elytron with glabrous elevated broadly interrupted track of sutural carina. Elytral punctures irregularly shaped, deep and dense (Fig. 354) and generally smaller than those on pronotum. Setae minute, arising from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing midlength of corresponding punctures. Much longer suberect scale-like clavate setae arranged in irregular longitudinal rows across elytra. Male pygidium fl attened dorsally, slightly impressed in anterior third, dense and deep moderately large punctate (Fig. 531). Intervening spaces opaque, microreticulate, covered with microscopical velvety pubescence. Setae of pygidium minute, with paired group of scale-like clavate suberect pubescence in median part. Female pygidium with setae more regular in size and shape (Fig. 532). Protibia with inconspicuous longitudinal dorsal carina, with two inconspicuous distal teeth (Fig. 426). Male protibial terminal spur strongly curved, female one shorter and nearly straight. Male lower meso-and metatibial terminal spurs curved, rather short. Male aedeagus as in Figs 739-741.

Ecology
Occurs in lower montane rainforests at about 1150 m altitude.

Distribution
Hitherto known from the westernmost part of the Central Cordillera (Nabire surroundings; Wapoga River valley) of New Guinea.   Heller, 1914 Fig. 95, 193-194, 264, 285, 355, 427, 533, 742-744 Kauf 20, 1918 [p, blue label] // Staatl. Museum für Tierkunde Dresden [p]"; SNSD. Heller (1914: 628) likely based his description of M. woodlarkianus on a single specimen, although not explicitly stated. The single SNSD specimen labelled "Typus!" is herewith designated as lectotype in order to enhance the stability of nomenclature and fi x the specimen I based my redescription on, in case other (non-conspecifi c) syntypes are discovered in the future. Four additional specimens with identical collecting data labels are allocated in SNSD (see Checklist). However, these specimens are not considered syntypes, because the original description of M. woodlarkianus was published in 1914, but the additional 4 specimens in question were acquired by SNSD in 1918, as their labels state (see Checklist).
Dorsum and venter uniformly brown, appendages and abdomen paler brown. Head fl attened dorsally between compound eyes, glossy dorsally and ventrally. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 194) very broadly and shallowly emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins nearly straight to slightly sinuous in dorsal, sinuous in lateral view, anterolateral angles of labroclypeus not projecting anteriad, raised up at angle of nearly 70-80° to frons in lateral view. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 193) similar to that of male. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Upper-and underside of labroclypeus with sparse inconspicuous setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus very broadly rounded in dorsal view. Punctures of frons ovoid, moderately deep and large. Intervening spaces glossy, variably large, in part wrinkled. Inconspicuous appressed seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not or hardly surpassing length of corresponding puncture. Antenna 9-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Pronotum transverse, fl attened dorsally, glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum broadly emarginate with anterolateral angles slightly protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum broadly rounded. Lateral margin or pronotum broadly rounded, crenulate all along (Fig. 264). Short suberect seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum slightly arched in lateral view. Hypomeron separated from prosternum by low nearly straight carina, with long setae on anterolateral margin opposite to compound eye (Fig. 285). Antennal pocket shallow. Pronotal punctures ovoid to irregularly hexagonal, variably large and moderately deep. Intervening spaces glossy, generally larger than punctures. Setae of pronotal disc as those on head. Scutellar shield rounded apically. Elytron glossy, with tracks of four fl at glabrous longitudinal carinae, including sutural one. Punctures linear (elongate and narrow), incisionshaped. Intervening spaces glossy, larger than punctures (Fig. 355). Appressed seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing length of corresponding incision. Male and female pygidium slightly convex dorsally, with large and shallow annular punctures (Fig. 533). Intervening spaces glossy, generally larger than punctures. Setae of pygidium inconspicuous, appressed; seta rises from anterior margin of each corresponding puncture, not surpassing its length. Longer suberect setae on apical margin of pygidium. Protibia hardly widened distally, in male with three external teeth, basal one of which rudimentary (Fig. 427). Protibial terminal spur absent in both sexes. Male metatibial terminal spurs not equal, lower spur curved. Tarsal claws with pulvilli. Male aedeagus as in Figs 742-744.

Sexual dimorphism
Female lamellae of antennal club shorter.

Etymology
Named after the Yamdena, the main tribe and language of the main island in the Tanimbar group. Noun in apposition. Dorsum and venter uniformly black-brown with reddish brown labroclypeus, mouthparts, antennae, tibiae and tarsi. Head transverse, glossy dorsally and ventrally, somewhat convex between eyes and vaguely impressed on labroclypeus anterior to each compound eye. Compound eye large, occupying about half side of head. Male labroclypeus (Fig. 195) broadly and moderately deep emarginate anteriorly, its lateral margins sinuous in both dorsal and lateral views, anterolateral angles moderately protruding, to slightly acute in dorsal view, bent up at ~90° to frons in lateral view. Female labroclypeus (Fig. 196) somewhat shallower emarginate anteriorly, with anteriorly less protruding anterolateral angles. Upperand underside of labroclypeus with sparse long setae along anterior and lateral margins. Canthus obtusely angulate in dorsal view. Anterior and lateral margins of labroclypeus smooth. Head punctures irregularly shaped, moderately deep, variably large. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, variably large, generally smaller than punctures. Moderately long suberect seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, surpassing its length. Antenna 8-segmented, club 3-lamellate. Scape large, with bulbous predistal projection on dorsal side, provided with two very long setae near distal margin. Antennomere 2 bulbous, subspherical. Pronotum glossy dorsally and laterally. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly sinuous with anterolateral angles (stronger) and mesal portion (inconspicuously) protruding anteriad. Basal margin of pronotum very broadly rounded. Lateral margin of pronotum evenly rounded, shallowly emarginate in front of posterolateral angles (Fig. 265). Crenulae of lateral margin delicate, short seta present between every two crenulae. Lateral margin of pronotum slightly sinuous in lateral view. Pronotal punctures ovoid (more circular along lateral sides), horseshoe-shaped, variably large, deep. Intervening spaces glossy and glabrous, variably large but generally much smaller than punctures. Pronotal setae inconspicuous, suberect, shorter than those on head, not or hardly surpassing length of corresponding punctures, appressed to median (raised) part of corresponding horseshoe-shaped puncture. Hypomeron slightly curved and very long setose on anterior margin which is moderately raised. Antennal pocket moderately deep. Median anterior process of prosternum long brushy setose, broad, moderately raised. Scutellar shield rounded apically. Elytra slightly widened in posterior half, maximum width across apical third, slightly glossy dorsally, with distinct humeri. Inconspicuous obtuse transverse hump at apex of each elytron. Tracks of four to fi ve inconspicuous fl at glabrous longitudinal carinae on each elytron (including one sutural and two lateral). Elytral disc in part wrinkled, punctures sinuous (elongate and narrow), incision-shaped, moderately deep (Fig. 356). Elytral setae inconspicuous, appressed except on apices; seta rises from anterior margin of each puncture, not surpassing length of corresponding incision. Upper carina of epipleuron all along with short suberect setae. Male and female pygidium fl at to slightly convex, with large irregularly shaped shallow annular punctures and short almost erect setae, which rise from centre of each puncture (Fig. 534). Venter covered with sparse large shallow annular punctures, each provided with short seta. Legs long and slender. Protibia nearly straight on external margin, with delicate dorsal carina. Three obtuse external teeth on protibia: distal narrower, median somewhat larger and broader, basal one less prominent (Fig. 428), nearly disappearing in some males. Basal protarsomere lengthened, asymmetrical, distinctly widened distally, concave ventrally, with short acute ventro-lateral denticle at inner distal margin which is larger in male than in female (Fig. 447). Protibial terminal spur short, straight, acute (Figs 447-448). Metatibial terminal spurs paired, acute in male (Fig. 442), rounded in female (Fig. 441). Tarsal claws in both sexes with large pulvilli. Spiculum gastrale as in Fig. 547. Male aedeagus as in Figs 745-747.

Sexual dimorphism
Poorly indicated. Female generally more robust than male, with comparatively smaller lamellae of antennal club, anterior margin of labroclypeus shallower emarginate, somewhat longer protibial terminal spur and dorsally fl at pygidium. The ventro-lateral denticle of the basal protarsomere is larger in the male than in the female.

Ecology
No data available.

Distribution
Hitherto only known from Yamdena, the main island of the Tanimbar Islands, SE Moluccas, Indonesia.
One species occurs on the Sangihe Islands, which is the northernmost record of Maechidiini.
To summarise, the fauna of the Maechidiini of the Papuan Region and Wallacea, with 78 named and at least 16 unnamed species (Table 1), proves to be already richer than the known Australian fauna (68)(69)(70)(71) species, see section Maechidiini taxonomy, morphology and history of study). Considering the number of new taxa in this paper, which should not be considered fi nal, there could easily be 350-400 species of Maechidiini in the Indo-Australian transition zone.