New Pristaulacus Kieffer, 1900 (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea, Aulacidae) from India and Malaysia with a key to species and a revised checklist

. Two new species of aulacid wasps, Pristaulacus iuliae Turrisi & Nobile sp. nov. from South India (Karnataka) and Pristaulacus ninae sp. nov. from Peninsular Malaysia (Pahang), are described, figured and compared with most related species. Based on the present addition, the Indomalayan area currently includes 27 species of Pristaulacus Kieffer out of 61 known from the whole Oriental Region, which is however a largely underestimated number. An identification key to species and an updated checklist of Pristaulacus occurring in the Indomalayan area are provided.

In the present contribution, we add two new species of Pristaulacus from India and Malaysia, respectively, and provide an updated checklist and a key to species of the Indomalayan area.

Specimens examination
This study is based primarily on the examination of museum material of The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom (NHMUK), including many type specimens.Other material served as comparison for taxonomic analyses of species involved in the 'key to species' (see below), belonging to the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria (NMW) and the Biologiezentrum, Oberösterreichische Landes-Kultur, Linz, Austria (OLML).Specimens were studied using a Wild M5A stereo microscope and measurements were taken with the aid of an ocular scale.Photographs were taken through an Olympus Stylus TG-6 Tough 12.0 megapixel digital camera under "microscope mode", using the "internal focus stacking" option according to Mertens et al. (2017), and lighting was achieved through a white styrofoam light-chamber with two led light-spots 6.5W/6500K and an opaque paper filter around the sample.Final images were postprocessed to improve contrast and light levels and crop the subject using PhotoScape X ® software for Mac.The photographic plates were assembled using Draw Drawing (Libre Office) ® for Mac.

Terminology and abbreviations
Morphological nomenclature follows Crosskey (1951), Huber & Sharkey (1993), and Gauld & Bolton (1996).Terminology for surface sculpture follows Harris (1979).For wing venation and cells, we refer to Turrisi (2007) and Turrisi & Smith (2011: figs 1-2).The format for descriptions follows mostly Turrisi & Smith (2011), expanded with some additional characters according to Smith (2008).Regarding the number of tooth-like processes on the inner margin of the claw, the apex is not included, since it represents the tip of the claw (Turrisi 2007).See Turrisi et al. (2009) for taxonomic history.A detailed catalogue of World species is provided by Smith (2001), checklist of species is provided by Turrisi et al. (2009) updated by Turrisi (2017).

Etymology
The specific epithet is a special dedication to V. Nobile's grand-daughter, Giulia Nobile, a noun in the genitive case.Colour.Black, except: mandible and ventral of A1 extensively dark orange; legs mostly dark reddish to dark brown, tegula, fore and mid tibiae and tarsi orange; wings hyaline, forewing with moderately wide subquadrate substigmal light brown spot; metasomal segments 1+2 extensively dark brown; setae: goldish on mandible, whitish otherwise (Figs 1, 3A, E).

Male
Unknown.

Distribution
South India (Karnataka), known from type locality only.

Diagnosis
Medium sized species, body length: 10.7 mm; forewing length: 8.0 mm; ovipositor length: 9.3 mm (Fig. 4).Colour mostly black (Fig. 4), legs partly dark reddish to orange, wings hyaline, forewing slightly infuscate at extreme apex, with a small basal mark and a very wide subquadrate substigmal light brown, basal part of metasoma dark reddish brown; setae almost entirely whitish; head 1.3 × as wide as long; gena, from above, well developed 0.9 × eye length), almost straight, not convergent and rounded posteriorly; anterior margin of mesonotum regularly rounded, pronotum with one stout, tooth-process on each lateroventral margin; ovipositor 1.2 × forewing length.

Etymology
The specific epithet is a special dedication to V. Nobile's late wife, Nina Spampinato, a noun in the genitive case.Colour.Black, except: clypeus and mandible extensively dark reddish; maxillo-labial complex and A1-2 dark reddish brown; fore and mid trochanters and femurs, hind tibia and tarsus dark orange; fore and mid tibiae and tarsi (pretarsus darker) orange; coxae, hind trochanter and femur dark reddish; wings hyaline, forewing slightly infuscate at extreme apex, with weak irregular dark marks on basal cell and between subbasal and subdiscal 1 cells, and very wide subquadrate substigmal ligth brown spot; S1-3 and sides of T2 dark reddish brown; valvula 3 of ovipositor dark brown; setae: goldish on mandible, whitish otherwise (Figs 4, 6A, E).

Male
Unknown.

Distribution
Peninsular Malaysia (Pahang), known from type locality only.

Remarks
Pristaulacus ninae sp.nov.could be placed near to P. rufobalteatus Cameron, 1907(see redescription in Chen et al. 2016) for the general appearance, the size and the rounded anterior lobe of the mesoscutum in lateral view.It is easily recognizable for the legs less extensively orange and darker (extensively orange and lighter in P. rufobalteatus); shape of the head, with gena straight and weakly convergent posteriorly (regularly rounded and distinctly convergent posteriorly in P. rufobalteatus); head with coarse and dense punctures, distance of punctures on frons 0.2-0.5 × puncture diameter (punctures fine to moderately coarse, distance of punctures on frons 1.0-1.5 × puncture diameter in P. rufobalteatus); POL:OOL: 0.7 and ocellar area width/length: 1.9 (respectively 1.2 and 2.1 in P. rufobalteatus); occipital margin almost straight (occipital margin distinctly concave in P. rufobalteatus); hind coxa elongate subcylindrical, length/width about 2.9 (hind coxa moderately elongate, length/width about 2.5); tarsal claw with three tooth-like processes (four in P. rufobalteatus); ovipositor less than 1.2 × forewing length (1.3-1.4 × in P. rufobalteatus).
Pristaulacus leviceps Kieffer, 1912 was described as a subspecies of P. rufobalteatus but the type material was not found and its taxonomic status is currently uncertain.It is possibly a synonym of P. rufobalteatus Cameron, 1907.According to the very poor description by Kieffer (1912), P. leviceps and P. ninae sp.nov.are clearly separated due to the impunctate head of the former species, whereas the head has coarse and dense to very dense punctures in the latter.(Cameron, 1900)