Kryptonesticus deelemanae gen. et sp. nov. (Araneae, Nesticidae), with notes on the Mediterranean cave species

  • Martina Pavlek Ruđer Bošković Institute & Croatian Biospeleological Society
  • Carles Ribera Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat, Universitat de Barcelona
Keywords: Nesticidae, taxonomy, caves, endemism, Dinarides

Abstract

This paper describes and illustrates a new genus and a new species belonging to the family Nesticidae based on morphology and supported by molecular data. The new genus, Kryptonesticus gen. nov., groups eight species spread from Bulgaria and Turkey to Croatia, including Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Crete. As a result, seven new combinations are proposed: K. eremita (Simon, 1879) comb. nov., K. arenstorffi (Kulczyński, 1914) comb. nov., K. fagei (Kratochvíl, 1933) comb. nov., K. beroni (Deltshev, 1977) comb. nov., K. beshkovi (Deltshev, 1979) comb. nov., K. henderickxi (Bosselaers, 1998) comb. nov. and K. dimensis (López-Pancorbo, Kunt & Ribera, 2013) comb. nov., all ex Nesticus. Kryptonesticus deelemanae gen. et sp. nov. is described on the basis of both sexes and its phylogenetic relationships with closely related species are discussed based on morphological and molecular data (the cox1, rrn and H3 genes). In addition, the species of this new genus (except for K. eremita) are clear candidates for protection: they have highly restricted ranges and some of them show a high degree of adaptation to the subterranean environment.

Author Biographies

Martina Pavlek, Ruđer Bošković Institute & Croatian Biospeleological Society
PhD, Division of Molecular Biology
Carles Ribera, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat, Universitat de Barcelona
Departament de Biologia Animal

References

Bosselaers J. 1998. Nesticus henderickxi (Araneae, Nesticidae), a new blind troglobitic spider from Crete. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society 11: 9–14.

Brignoli P.M. 1971. Note sui ragni cavernicoli italiani. Fragmenta Entomologica 7: 121–229.

Caporiacco L. di. 1934. I Nesticus liguri ed emiliani. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 56: 395–405.

Deeleman-Reinhold C.L. 1974. The cave spider fauna of Montenegro (Araneae). Glasnik Republičkog Zavoda za Zaštitu Prirode i Prirodnjačkog Muzeja 6: 9–33.

Deltshev C. 1977. Genus Nesticus (Nesticidae, Araneae) from Bulgarian caves. Congrès international de Spéléologie 6 (Olomouc, 1973): 73–78.

Deltshev C. D. 1979. A contribution to the study of cave spiders (Araneae) in Greece. Four new species (Araneae, Nesticidae, Linyphiidae) from the islands of Crete and Thera. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 13: 53–63.

Deltshev C., Ćurčić B., Wang C., Yao Z., Antić D., Ćurčić S. & Rada T. 2014. New data on the spiders (Araneae) in the caves of Balkan Peninsula. Archives of Biological Sciences 66: 465–472. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ABS1402465D

Dresco E. 1966. Étude de quelques espèces d’araignées du genre Nesticus (Fam. Nesticidae). Annales de Spéléologie 21: 795–813.

Fage L. 1931. Araneae cinquième série, précédée d’un essai sur l’évolution souterraine et son déterminisme. Archives de Zoologie expérimentale et générale, Biospeologica LV 71: 99–291.

Gasparo F. & Thaler K. 2000. I ragni cavernicoli della Venezia Giulia (Italia nord-orientale) (Arachnida, Araneae). Atti e Memorie, Comm. Grotte “Eugenio Boegan” 37: 17–55.

Grall E. & Jäger P. 2016. Four new species of the spider genus Nesticella Lehtinen & Saaristo, 1980 from Laos, Thailand and Myanmar and the first description of the male of Nesticella yui Wunderlich & Song, 1995 with a proposed new diagnostic character for the family Nesticidae Simon, 1894. Zootaxa 4085: 248–264. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4085.2.5

Huber B.A. 1993. Genital mechanics and sexual selection in the spider Nesticus-cellulanus (Araneae, Nesticidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 71: 2437–2447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-340

Katoh K. & Toh H. 2008. Improved accuracy of multiple ncRNA alignment by incorporating structural information into a MAFFT-based framework. BMC Bioinformatics 9: e212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-9-212

Kearse M., Moir R., Wilson A., Stones-Havas S., Cheung M., Sturrock S., Buxton S., Cooper A., Markowitz S., Duran C., Thierer T., Ashton B., Mentjies P. & Drummond A. 2012. Geneious Basic: an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data. Bioinformatics 28 (12): 1647–1649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts199

Kratochvíl J. 1933. Evropské druhy celedi Nesticidae Dahl. Práce Moravské Přírodovědecké Společnosti 8: 1–69.

Kratochvíl J. 1934. Pregled pećinskih paukova u Jugoslaviji. Prirodoslovne Razprave 2: 165–226.

Kratochvíl J. 1935. Araignées cavernicoles de Krivošije. Práce Moravské Přírodovědecké Společnosti 9: 1–25.

Kratochvíl J. 1936. Nouveau genre d’araignées cavernicoles en Yugoslavie. Typhlonyphia reimoseri n. gen. n. sp. Vestnik Československe Zoologicke Společnosti 3: 69–79.

Kratochvíl J. 1978. Araignees cavernicoles des iles dalmates. Přírodovědné práce ústavů Československé Akademie Věd v Brně (N.S.) 12 (4): 1–59.

Kulczyński W. 1914. Aranearum species novae minusve cognate in montibus Kras dictis a Dre C. Absolon aliisque colectae. Bulletin international de l’Académie des Sciences de Cracovie 13: 353–387. Available from http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4553795 [accessed 17 Jan. 2017].

Kumar S., Stecher G. & Tamura K. 2016. MEGA7: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular Biology and Evolution 33: 1870-1874. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw054

Lanfear R., Calcott B., Ho S.Y.W. & Guindon S. 2012. PartitionFinder: Combined selection of parti-tioning schemes and substitution models for phylogenetic analyses. Molecular Biology and Evolution 29: 1695–1701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mss020

Lehtinen P.T. & Saaristo M.I. 1980. Spiders of the Oriental-Australian region. II. Nesticidae. Annales Zoologici Fennici 17: 47–66.

Le Peru B. 2011. The Spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data. Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae. Mémoires de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 2: 1–522.

López-Pancorbo A., Kunt K.B., Blagoev G., Deltshev C. & Ribera C. 2013. Nesticus dimensis new species, a new troglobitic spider from Turkey (Araneae, Nesticidae), with comments on its phylogenetic relationships. Zootaxa 3721: 183–192. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3721.2.5.

López-Pancorbo A. & Ribera C. 2011. Nesticus baeticus sp. n., a new troglobitic spider species from south-west Europe (Araneae, Nesticidae). ZooKeys 89: 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.89.921

Nentwig W., Blick T., Gloor D., Hänggi A. & Kropf C. 2016. Spiders of Europe. Version 02 [online]. Available from http://www.araneae.unibe.ch/

Ozimec R. & Jalzic B. 1999. Cave dweling fauna of Mt. Biokovo, M. Dalmatia, Croatia. In: Abstracts of the 14th International Symposium of Biospeleology, Makarska. Hrvatsko biospeleološko društvo, Hrvatski prirodoslovni muzej, Zagreb, 125 pp.

Ribera C., Elverici M., Boğaç Kunt K. & Sulhi Özkütük R. 2014. Typhlonesticus gocmeni sp. n., a new cave-dwelling blind spider species from the Aegean region of Turkey (Araneae, Nesticidae). ZooKeys 419: 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.419.5739

Ružička V., Kurka A., Buchar J. & Řezáč M. 2005. Czech Republic - the type material of spiders (Araneae). Časopis Národního muzea, Řada přírodovědná 174: 13–64.

Silvestro D. & Michalak I. 2012. raxmlGUI: A graphical front-end for RAxML. Organisms Diversity and Evolution 12: 335–337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13127-011-0056-0

Simon E. 1880. Arachnides nouveau de France, d'Espagne et d'Algérie. Premier mémoire. Bulletin de la Société zoologique de France 4: 251-263.

Simon E.L. 1929. Les Arachnides de France. Synopsis générale et Catalogue des Espèces françaises de l’Ordre des Araneae. 3e partie, 6: 533–772. Paris.

Stamatakis A. 2006. rAxML-VI-HPC: Maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models. Bioinformatics 22: 2688–2690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btl446

Vink C.J. & Dupérré N. 2011. Nesticus eremita (Araneae: Nesticidae): redescription of a potentially invasive European spider found in New Zealand. Journal of Arachnology 39: 511–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1636/a11-57.1

World Spider Catalog. 2016. Natural History Museum Bern, version 17.0. Available from http://wsc.nmbe.ch [accessed Apr. 2016].

Published
2017-01-20
How to Cite
Pavlek, M., & Ribera, C. (2017). Kryptonesticus deelemanae gen. et sp. nov. (Araneae, Nesticidae), with notes on the Mediterranean cave species. European Journal of Taxonomy, (262). https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.262