A new cryptic species of Pithecopus (Anura, Phyllomedusidae) in north-eastern Brazil

  • Felipe Silva de Andrade Laboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Isabelle Aquemi Haga Laboratório de Taxonomia e Sistemática de Anuros Neotropicais (LTSAN), Faculdade de Ciências Integradas do Pontal (FACIP), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Ituiutaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
  • Johnny Sousa Ferreira Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
  • Shirlei Maria Recco-Pimentel Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
  • Luís Felipe Toledo Laboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Daniel Pacheco Bruschi Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Keywords: integrative taxonomy, Pithecopus nordestinus, São Francisco River, phenotypically cryptic species

Abstract

The genus of Neotropical frogs Pithecopus includes 11 species occurring east of the Andes from southern Venezuela to northern Argentina. Recent genetic approaches pointed out an unusual genetic diversity among populations from localities in north-eastern Brazil recognized as P. nordestinus. In fact, one of these studies confirmed the hypothesis that the São Francisco River acted as an effective geographical barrier during vicariant events in the evolutionary history of P. nordestinus, resulting in two principal, highly divergent clades. Herein we formally describe this divergent clade as a new cryptic species of Pithecopus from north-eastern Brazil, the sister clade of P. nordestinus. It differs from other species of Pithecopus, except for P. azureus and P. nordestinus, by its small body size, lack of the reticulate pattern on flanks, smaller head width, and advertisement calls generally composed of a three-pulsed core.

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Published
2020-11-10
How to Cite
de Andrade, F. S., Haga, I. A., Ferreira, J. S., Recco-Pimentel, S. M., Toledo, L. F., & Bruschi, D. P. (2020). A new cryptic species of Pithecopus (Anura, Phyllomedusidae) in north-eastern Brazil. European Journal of Taxonomy, 723(1), 108-134. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1147
Section
Research article