A glimpse into a remarkable unknown diversity of oniscideans along the Caribbean coasts revealed on a tiny island

  • Carlos Mario López-Orozco Grupo de Investigación en Biología Descriptiva y Aplicada, Universidad de Cartagena, Programa de Biología, Campus San Pablo, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
  • Ysenia M. Carpio-Díaz Grupo de Investigación en Biología Descriptiva y Aplicada, Universidad de Cartagena, Programa de Biología, Campus San Pablo, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
  • Ricardo Borja-Arrieta Grupo de Investigación en Biología Descriptiva y Aplicada, Universidad de Cartagena, Programa de Biología, Campus San Pablo, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
  • Gabriel R. Navas-S. Grupo de Investigación en Biología Descriptiva y Aplicada, Universidad de Cartagena, Programa de Biología, Campus San Pablo, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
  • Ivanklin Soares Campos-Filho Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Lefkosia (Nicosia), Cyprus
  • Stefano Taiti Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
  • Mariana Mateos Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
  • Alexandra Olazaran Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
  • Isabel C. Caballero Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
  • Karick Jotty Grupo de Investigación en Química de Medicamentos, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Cartagena, Campus Zaragocilla, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
  • Harold Gómez-Estrada Grupo de Investigación en Química de Medicamentos, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Cartagena, Campus Zaragocilla, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
  • Luis A. Hurtado Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
Keywords: Caribbean Islands, mangroves, Tropical Dry Forest, terrestrial isopods

Abstract

In this study, we report the results of a taxonomic survey of terrestrial isopods from Isla Grande, a ca 2 km2 island located in the north of Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. We found a total of 17 species belonging to nine families and 10 genera. Eight of these species have been reported only from the Caribbean region, nine are recorded for the first time in Colombia, and three are new to science and described here: Tylos negroi López-Orozco, Carpio-Díaz & Campos-Filho sp. nov., Stenoniscus nestori López-Orozco, Taiti & Campos-Filho sp. nov. and Armadilloniscus luisi Carpio-Díaz, Taiti & Campos-Filho sp. nov. Our revision also determined that the genus Microphiloscia is a junior synonym of Halophiloscia; and moreover, Halophiloscia trichoniscoides comb. nov. is redescribed. We also provide illustrations for Armadilloniscus caraibicus and Armadilloniscus ninae. Most (16) of the species were found in coastal habitats (i.e., beaches, coastal lagoons and mangroves), whereas the tropical dry forest harbored only two species. Molecular phylogenetic inferences supported the presence of three species of Tylos in Isla Grande (i.e., one new species and a new lineage within each of two known species). Our work on Tylos highlights the importance of combining taxonomic and molecular analyses to support taxonomic decisions and uncover cryptic diversity. Due to the multiple threats to Caribbean coastal habitats, taxonomic and molecular genetic research are urgently needed to understand biodiversity patterns of oniscideans in the Caribbean, which will inform strategies for their protection. Such studies will also contribute to our knowledge of their evolution, ecology, and potential uses, as well as the factors that have shaped the remarkable Caribbean biodiversity.

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Published
2022-02-09
How to Cite
López-Orozco, C. M., Carpio-Díaz, Y. M., Borja-Arrieta, R., Navas-S., G. R., Campos-Filho, I. S., Taiti, S., Mateos, M., Olazaran, A., Caballero, I. C., Jotty, K., Gómez-Estrada, H., & Hurtado, L. A. (2022). A glimpse into a remarkable unknown diversity of oniscideans along the Caribbean coasts revealed on a tiny island. European Journal of Taxonomy, 793(1), 1-50. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.793.1643
Section
Monograph