Morphology and phylogeny of a new polychaete, Prionospio expansa (Annelida: Spionidae) from the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, Korea
Abstract
A new spionid polychaete, Prionospio expansa sp. nov., collected from the intertidal habitat of the Yellow Sea in Korea, is described. The new species is closely related to P. japonica Okuda, 1935 from Northeast Asia both morphologically and genetically. They share four pairs of branchiae which are cirriform and apinnate, whereas the new species differs from P. japonica in the length of the branchiae, expansion of the anteriormost body, and size of the first notopodial postchaetal lamellae. Herein, a detailed description and illustrations of P. expansa sp. nov. are provided, with molecular data for three gene fragments: mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), and nuclear 18S rDNA. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene fragments.
References
Abe H. & Sato-Okoshi W. 2021. Molecular identification and larval morphology of spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae) from northeastern Japan. ZooKeys 1015: 1–86. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387
Blake J.A., Maciolek N.J. & Meißner K. 2020. Spionidae Grube, 1850. In: Purschke G., Böggemann M. & Westheide W. (eds) Handbook of Zoology: Annelida. Volume 2: Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria II: 1–103. De Gruyter, Berlin. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110291681-001
Blank M. & Bastrop R. 2008. Phylogeny of the mud worm genus Marenzelleria (Polychaeta, Spionidae) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Zoologica Scripta 38 (3): 313–321. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00370.x
Carr C.M., Hardy S.M., Brown T.M., Macdonald T.A. & Hebert P.D.N. 2011. A tri-oceanic perspective: DNA barcoding reveals geographic structure and cryptic diversity in Canadian polychaetes. PLoS ONE 6: e22232. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022232
Dagli E. & Çinar M.E. 2009. Species of the subgenera Aquilaspio and Prionospio (Polychaeta: Spionidae: Prionospio) from the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with description of a new species and two new reports for the Mediterranean fauna. Zootaxa 2275 (1): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2275.1.1
Dagli E. & Çinar M.E. 2011. Species of the subgenus Minuspio (Polychaeta: Spionidae: Prionospio) from the southern coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with the description of two new species. Zootaxa 3043 (1): 35–53. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3043.1.4
Delgado-Blas V.H., Díaz-Díaz O. & Viéitez J.M. 2018. Prionospio from the coast of the Iberian Peninsula, with the description of two new species (Annelida, Spionidae). ZooKeys 810: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.810.26910
Delgado-Blas V.H., Diaz-Diaz O. & Vieitez J.M. 2019. Two new species of spionids from the genera Dispio and Prionospio (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from the Iberian Peninsula with redescription and notes on Prionospio (Minuspio) multibranchiata Berkeley, 1927. Zootaxa 4604 (3): 562–574. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4604.3.11
Foster N.M. 1971. Spionidae (Polychaeta) of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and Other Caribbean Islands 36: 1–183.
Hoang D.T., Chernomor O., Von Haeseler A., Minh B.Q. & Vinh L.S. 2018. UFBoot2: improving the ultrafast bootstrap approximation. Molecular biology and evolution 35 (2): 518–522. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx281
Imajima M. 1990a. Spionidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Japan III. The genus Prionospio (Minuspio). Bulletin of the Natural Science Museum Tokyo, Series A 16: 61–78.
Imajima M. 1990b. Spionids (Annelida, Polychaeta) obtained by dredging from Oshima Strait and Yakiuchi Bay, Amami-Oshima of Ryukyu Islands. Memoirs of the Natural Science Museum Tokyo 23: 93–99.
Imajima M. & Hartman O. 1964. The polychaetous annelids of Japan. Part II. Allan Hancock Foundation Publications. Occasional Paper 26: 1–452.
Jung R.H., Choi B.M. & Hong J.S. 1998. Five species of the genus Prionospio (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Kwangyang Bay, Korea. Journal of Fisheries Sciences and Technology 1: 216–226.
Kalyaanamoorthy S., Minh B.Q., Wong T.K., Von Haeseler A. & Jermiin L.S. 2017. ModelFinder: fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. Nature Methods 14 (6): 587–589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285
Kessing B., Croom H., Martin A., McIntosh C., Owen McMillian W. & Palumbi S. 1989. The Simple Fool’s Guide to PCR. University of Hawaii, Honolulu.
Lee G.H. & Min G.S. 2022. A new report of Prionospio kirrae (Annelida: Spionidae) from Korea. Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity 38 (2): 91–97. https://doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2022.38.2.044
Lee G.H., Choi H.K. & Yoon S.M. 2018. Two New Records of Spionid Polychaetes (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Korean Fauna. Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity 34 (3): 152–158. https://doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2018.34.3.152
Lee G.H., Yoon S.M. & Min G.S. 2020. A new record of Prionospio depauperata (Annelida: Polychaeta: Spionidae) with DNA barcoding data of four Prionospio species in South Korea. Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity 36: 382–386. https://doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2020.36.4.070
Malmgren A.J. 1867. Annulata Polychaeta Spetsbergiæ, Groenlandiæ, Islandiæ et Scandinaviæ. Hactenus Cognita. Ex Officina Frenckelliana, Helsingforslæ. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.13358
Mincks S.L., Dyal P.L., Paterson G.L.J., Smith C.R. & Glover A.G. 2009. A new species of Aurospio (Polychaeta, Spionidae) from the Antarctic shelf, with analysis of its ecology, reproductive biology and evolutionary history. Marine Ecology 30: 181–197. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0485.2008.00265.x
Okuda S. 1935. Some lacustrine polychaetes with a list of brackish-water polychaetes found in Japan. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses 15 (2): 240–246.
Paik E.I. 1989. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea. Vol. 31. Polychaeta. Ministry of Education, Seoul. [In Korean.]
Paterson G.L, Neal L., Altamira I., Soto E.H., Smith C.R., Menot L., Billett D.S.M., Cunha M.R., Marchais-Laguionie C. & Glover A.G. 2016. New Prionospio and Aurospio species from the deep sea (Annelida: Polychaeta). Zootaxa 4092 (1): 1–32. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4092.1.1
Peixoto A.J.M. & Paiva P.C. 2020. New apinnate Prionospio (Annelida: Spionidae) species from southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 4853 (4): 451–508. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4853.4.1
Radashevsky V.I. 2015. Spionidae (Annelida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia: the genera Aonides, Dipolydora, Polydorella, Prionospio, Pseudopolydora, Rhynchospio, and Tripolydora. Zootaxa 4019 (1): 635–694. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.22
Sigvaldadóttir E. 1998. Cladistic analysis and classification of Prionospio and related genera (Polychaeta, Spionidae). Zoologica Scripta 27: 175–187. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.1998.tb00435.x
Song J.H., Han Y.D., Lee W.K., Kim I.H., Paik S.G., Lee J., Soh H.Y., Lee W., Jung J., Kim S.H., Lee J.S., Kim J.P., Park T., Yoo J.S., Kil H.J., Nam E. & Min G.S. 2017. Unrecorded species of Korean metazoans discovered through the project of “Discovery of Korean Indigenous Species” (2006–2010) Journal of Species Research 6 (Special Edition): 164–171. https://doi.org/10.12651/JSR.2017.6(S).164
Zhou J. & Li X. 2009. Report of Prionospio complex (Annelida: Polychaeta: Spionidae) from China’s waters, with description of new species. Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1: 116–127.
Copyright (c) 2023 Geon Hyeok Lee, Ha-Eun Lee, Gi-Sik Min
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Creative Commons Copyright Notices
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are NOT ALLOWED TO post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to taxonomic issues.
